Ukwenza isiqandisi, qala ngokuqonda ulwazi olujwayelekile esiqandisini

Isiqandisi, esaziwa nangokuthi esiqandisini, yinto esebenzayo ohlelweni lokuqapha. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 zezinto ezingasetshenziswa njengeziqandisini. Isiqandisi esijwayelekile kakhulu yiFreeon (kufaka phakathi: R22, R134A, R407C, R410A, R32, njll.), Inombolo encane (i-H2O (NH3), inombolo encane ye-hydrocarbons (njenge: R290, R600A).

Izinkomba zomthelela weziqandi esiqandisini emhlabeni jikelele zibandakanya ikakhulukazi: I-Ozone DefeTetion Posetable (ODP) kanye ne-Global Fulling Global (GWP); Ngaphezu komthelela emvelweni, eziqandisini kufanele futhi kube nokuphepha okwamukelekayo ukuvikela izimpilo zabantu nempahla.

I-Odp Ozone Delepletion amandla: Ibonisa amandla we-chlorofluorocarboc emkhathini ukucekela phansi ungqimba lwe-ozone. Inani elincane, okungcono izici zezemvelo zesiqandisi. Isifinyezo esinamanani we-ODP angaphansi noma alingana no-0.05 abhekwa njengokwamukelekayo ngokususelwa kumazinga wamanje.

I-GWP Global Lifficing Case: inkomba yomthelela wesimo sezulu esibangelwa ukuphuma kwegesi abamba ukushisa, okukhombisa ukuthi kungakapheli isikhathi esithile (iminyaka engu-100, iminyaka engama-500), i-greenhouse esebenza ngekhwalithi ye-CO2 enomphumela ofanayo, i-CO2 the GWP = 1.0. Imvamisa abale i-GWP esekelwe eminyakeni eyi-100, eboniswe njenge-GWP100, "I-Montreal Protocol" kanye ne- "Kyoto Protocolol" bobabili basebenzisa i-GWP100.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesiqandisini

Ngokusho kwe-GB / T 7778-2017, ukuphepha kwesiqandisi kuhlukaniswe izigaba eziyi-8, okungukuthi: A1, A2L, A2, A3, B3, B2L, B2, B3, phakathi kwayo i-A1 ephephe kakhulu.

Amazinga okuphepha esiqandisi esijwayelekile alandelayo:

Thayipha A1: R11, R12, R13, R113, R113, R115, R115, R22, R138, R218, R140, R402A, R402B, R403B, R403B, R402B, R407A, R407B, R407C, R407C, R407D, R408A, R409A, R500, R502, R508B, R509A, R544

Thayipha A2: R142B, R152A, R152A, R406A, R411A, R411B, R412A, R415BA, R512A, R512A

Isigaba se-A2L: R143A, R32, R1234YF, R12344 (E)

I-Class A3: R290, R600, R600A, R601a, R1270, Re170, R510A, R511A

Isigaba B1: R123, R245FA

Isigaba se-B2L: R717

Ngokwe-Evaland yokushisa TS yesiqandisi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-armosperic ejwayelekile (100KPA), ingahlukaniswa: Isiqandisi esiphansi esiphakeme, esiqandisiwe sokushisa okuphansi, nesiqandisi esiphansi.

Isiqandisi esiphansi sengcindezi ephezulu yokushisa: izinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka lingaphezulu kuka-0 ° C, kanye nengcindezi yokuvuselela kungaphansi kuka-29.41995 × 104PA. Lezi ziqandisiko zilungele ukusetshenziswa ku-centrifugal offibleral compressors ezinhlelweni zomoya.

Isiqashisi se-Medium-Pressure Medium-Tempetict Medium Lolu hlobo lwesiqandisi ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa ekucindezelweni okujwayelekile kwesigaba esisodwa kanye nezinhlelo eziyisiqandisi ezimbili zokuguqula izingxenye ezimbili.

Isiqandisi esiphakeme kakhulu nesiqandisi esiphansi Lolu hlobo lwesiqandisi lulungele ingxenye yokushisa ephansi yedivaysi yesiqandisi le-cascade wesiqandisi noma idivaysi ephansi yokushisa engezansi -70 ° C.