Ukuklama nokukhethwa kwezingxenye ezine zesistimu yokugcina ebandayo: i-compressor, i-heat exchanger, i-throttle valve

1. I-compressor:

I-refrigeration compressor ingenye yemishini eyinhloko yokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Ukukhetha okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Amandla okupholisa e-refrigeration compressor kanye namandla enjini ehambisanayo kuhlobene kakhulu nokushisa kokuhwamuka kanye nokushisa kokujiya.

Izinga lokushisa lokuphola kanye nezinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka yizinto eziyinhloko zama-compressor okuqandisa, abizwa ngokuthi izimo zokuqandisa. Ngemva kokubala umthwalo wokupholisa wesitoreji esibandayo, iyunithi ye-compressor enamandla okupholisa afanele ingakhethwa.

Ama-compressor okuqandisa asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuqandisa zokugcina izinto ezibandayo uhlobo lwe-piston kanye nohlobo lwesikulufu. Manje ama-scroll compressor asephenduke ama-compressor asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezincane zokugcina izinto ezibandayo.

Izimiso ezijwayelekile zokukhetha ama-compressor esiqandisini endaweni yokugcina ebanda

1. Amandla okuqandisa e-compressor kufanele akwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthwalo eziphezulu kakhulu zokukhiqiza isikhathi esiphezulu sesikhathi sokugcina esibandayo, futhi ngokuvamile awasebenzisi amayunithi.

2. Ukunqunywa komthamo kanye nenani lomshini owodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokwezici ezifana nokulula kokulungiswa kwamandla kanye nokushintsha kwezimo zokusebenza zento yokuqandisa. Ama-compressor amakhulu kufanele akhethwe ezindaweni zokugcina ezibandayo ezinomthwalo omkhulu wokuqandisa ukuze kuvinjelwe inani lemishini ukuthi lingabi likhulu kakhulu. Inani lama-compressor amakhulu ezindawo zokugcina ezibandayo akulula ukuwakhetha. Ngaphezu kwamabili, elilodwa lingakhethwa endaweni yokugcina ebanda yenkonzo yokuphila.

3. Khetha i-compressor efanelekile ngokwesilinganiso sokucindezela esibaliwe. Kuma-compressor e-Freon, sebenzisa i-compressor yesigaba esisodwa uma isilinganiso sokucindezela singaphansi kuka-10, bese usebenzisa i-compressor yesigaba ezimbili uma isilinganiso sokucindezela singaphezu kuka-10.

4. Uma ukhetha ama-compressor amaningi, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokusekelana kanye nokushintshana kwezingxenye phakathi kwamayunithi kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokuphelele. Amamodeli e-compressor eyunithi eyodwa kufanele abe ochungechungeni olufanayo noma imodeli efanayo.

5. Izimo zokusebenza ze-compressor yokuqandisa kufanele zihlangabezane nezimo zokuklama eziyisisekelo ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izimo zokusebenza akufanele zidlule ibanga lokusebenza elichazwe umenzi we-compressor. Ngokuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukuqandisa, iyunithi ye-compressor elawulwa yi-microcomputer iyisinqumo esifanele.

6. Ngenxa yezimpawu zesakhiwo se-screw compressor, isilinganiso sayo sobuningi siyashintsha ngokwezimo zokusebenza, ngakho-ke i-screw compressor ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Isilinganiso sokucindezela kwesigaba esisodwa se-screw compressor sikhulu futhi sinobubanzi bokusebenza obubanzi. Ngaphansi kwesimo se-economizer, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kungatholakala.

7. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kahle kakhulu, umsindo ophansi kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile, ama-scroll compressor aye aqashelwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi okugcina abandayo amancane naphakathi nendawo.

Imishini yokushintshanisa ukushisa: i-condenser

I-condenser ingahlukaniswa ibe ukupholisa okuxubile okupholiswe ngamanzi, okupholiswe ngomoya, kanye nokupholisa okuxubile okupholiswe ngamanzi ngokwendlela yokupholisa kanye nendawo yokuncibilikisa.

Izimiso ezijwayelekile zokukhetha i-condenser

1. I-condenser eqondile ihlelwe ngaphandle kwegumbi lomshini futhi ifanele izindawo ezinemithombo yamanzi eminingi kodwa ikhwalithi yamanzi ephansi noma izinga lokushisa lamanzi eliphezulu.

2. Ama-condenser amanzi asekamelweni asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ze-Freon, ngokuvamile ahlelwe egumbini lekhompyutha, futhi afaneleka ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi lamanzi kanye nekhwalithi enhle yamanzi.

3. Ama-condenser aphumayo afaneleka ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophansi noma ukushoda kwamanzi, futhi adinga ukuhlelwa endaweni enomoya omuhle ngaphandle.

4. Ama-condenser apholile ngomoya afaneleka ezindaweni ezinemithombo yamanzi eqinile, futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokuqandisa ze-Freon ezincane neziphakathi.

5. Zonke izinhlobo zama-condenser apholile ngamanzi zingasebenzisa indlela yokupholisa yokujikeleza kwamanzi,

6. Kuma-condenser apholile ngamanzi noma ahwamukayo, izinga lokushisa lokufutha kufanele likhethwe ngokwezinga likazwelonke ngesikhathi sokuklama, kodwa akufanele lidlule ku-40 °C.

7. Ngokombono wezindleko zemishini, izindleko ze-evaporative condenser ziphakeme kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesitoreji esikhulu nesiphakathi nendawo esibandayo, i-evaporative condenser kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-water condenser kanye nenhlanganisela yokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa, izindleko zokwakha zokuqala ziyafana, kodwa i-evaporative condenser iyonga kakhulu ekusebenzeni kamuva. Ukuze kongiwe amandla ngamanzi, ama-evaporative condenser asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-condensers emazweni athuthukile, kodwa ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu, umphumela wama-evaporative condenser awulungile.

Yiqiniso, ukukhetha kokugcina kwe-condenser kuncike ezimweni zezulu zesifunda kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi yomthombo wamanzi wendawo. Kuhlobene futhi nomthwalo wokushisa wangempela wendawo yokugcina amanzi ebanda kanye nezidingo zokuhlelwa kwegumbi lekhompyutha.

Ivalvu yomphini:

Indlela yokubopha iyingxenye yezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko zesistimu yokubopha ifriji yesitoreji esibandayo, futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile ukuze kufezwe umjikelezo wokubopha ifriji ngomusi. Umsebenzi wayo ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi yesiqandisi ku-accumulator ngemva kokubopha ifriji, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kulungiswe ukuhamba kwesiqandisi ngokuya ngokushintsha komthwalo.

Ngokwendlela yokulungisa esetshenziswayo, indlela yokucindezela ingahlukaniswa kanje: ivalvu yokucindezela yokulungisa ngesandla, ivalvu yokucindezela yokulungisa izinga loketshezi, indlela yokucindezela engaguquki, ivalvu yokwandisa kagesi elungiswe nge-pulse kagesi, kanye nevalvu yokucindezela ngomusi elungisiwe. Ivalvu yokwandisa ukushisa.

I-valve yokwandisa ukushisa iyithuluzi elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lokubhoboza ohlelweni lukahulumeni lokupholisa. Ilungisa izinga lokuvula le-valve futhi ilungisa ukunikezwa koketshezi ngokulinganisa izinga lokushisa okukhulu lomoya obuyayo epayipini lokukhipha le-evaporator ngenzwa yokushisa, futhi ikwazi ukulungisa okuzenzakalelayo ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile. Umsebenzi wevolumu yokunikezwa koketshezi, umsebenzi wokulungisa wevolumu yokunikezwa koketshezi oluqinile olushintsha ngokushintsha komthwalo wokushisa.

Ama-valve okunweba angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwebhalansi yangaphakathi kanye nohlobo lwebhalansi yangaphandle ngokwesakhiwo sawo.

I-valve yokwandisa ukushisa elinganisiwe ngaphakathi ifanele izinhlelo zokuqandisa ezinamandla amancane okukhipha umhwamuko. Ngokuvamile, ama-valve okwandisa alinganisiwe ngaphakathi asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuqandisa ezincane.

Uma i-evaporator inesihlukanisi soketshezi noma ipayipi lokuhwamuka lide futhi kunezinsika eziningi ohlelweni lokuqandisa ezinokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwengcindezi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-evaporator, i-valve yokwandisa ibhalansi yangaphandle iyakhethwa.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamavalvu okwandisa ukushisa, futhi amavalvu okwandisa anezincazelo ezahlukene namamodeli empeleni anamakhono okupholisa ahlukene. Ukukhetha kufanele kusekelwe kusayizi womthamo wokupholisa wesistimu yokuqandisa ebanda, uhlobo lwesiqandisi, umehluko wokucindezela ngaphambi nangemva kwevalvu yokwandisa, kanye nosayizi we-evaporator. Izinto ezifana nokwehla kokucindezela zikhethwa ngemuva kokulungisa umthamo wokupholisa olinganiselwe wevalvu yokwandisa.

Nquma uhlobo lwevalvu yokwandisa ukushisa esetshenziswa ohlelweni lokugcina olubandayo ngokubala ukulahleka kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa kokuhwamuka. Uma ukulahleka kwengcindezi kungaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, ibhalansi yangaphakathi ingakhethwa, futhi ibhalansi yangaphandle ingakhethwa uma inani likhulu kunethebula.

Okwesine, imishini yokushintshanisa ukushisa - i-evaporator

I-evaporator ingenye yezingxenye ezine ezibalulekile ohlelweni lokuqandisa lwendawo yokugcina ebandayo. Isebenzisa i-refrigerant ewuketshezi ukuze iphele ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi, imunce ukushisa kwendawo epholile, futhi ifeze injongo yokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kwendawo epholile.

Ama-evaporator afakwa ngezindlela ezahlukene ze-cooling medium, futhi ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ama-evaporator oketshezi olupholisayo kanye nama-evaporator okupholisa amagesi.

I-evaporator esetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina ebandayo iyi-evaporator yokupholisa igesi.

Isimiso sokukhetha ifomu le-evaporator:

1. Ukukhethwa komshini wokuphehla kufanele kunqunywe ngokuphelele ngokuya ngokucutshungulwa kokudla kanye nokufakwa esiqandisini noma ezinye izidingo zobuchwepheshe.

2. Izimo zokusetshenziswa kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ze-evaporator kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile zemishini yokuqandisa yamanje

3. Imishini yokupholisa umoya opholile ingasetshenziswa emakamelweni okupholisa, amakamelo okuqandisa, kanye namakamelo okuqandisa

4. Amapayipi okukhipha umoya e-aluminium, amapayipi okukhipha umoya aphezulu, amapayipi okukhipha umoya odongeni noma ama-air cooler angasetshenziswa egumbini lefriji lezinto eziqandisiwe. Uma ukudla kupakishwe kahle, i-cooler ingasetshenziswa. Kulula ukusebenzisa ifomu lepayipi lokukhipha umoya ekudleni ngaphandle kokupakisha.

5. Ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene zokuqandisa ukudla, imishini yokuqandisa efanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokwesimo sangempela, njengemigudu yokuqandisa noma ama-rack okuqandisa ohlobo lwe-tube.

6. Imishini yokupholisa egumbini lokupakisha ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwama-air cooler lapho izinga lokushisa lokugcina liphakeme kune-5 °C, kanti i-evaporator yohlobo lweshubhu ifanele ukusetshenziswa lapho izinga lokushisa lokugcina liphansi kune-5 °C.

7. Ifriji ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi abushelelezi aphezulu.

Ifeni yokugcina izinto ezibandayo inezinzuzo eziningi njengokushintshana okukhulu kokushisa, ukufakwa okulula nokulula, indawo encane yokusebenza, ukubukeka okuhle, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokuncibilikisa ngokuphelele. Ithandwa kakhulu yizindawo eziningi zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezincane, izindawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo zezokwelapha, kanye namaphrojekthi okugcina izinto ezibandayo zemifino.