Xhumana nathiukukusiza ukuthi uyixazulule ngempumelelo
1. Ukuvaleka kweqhwa
Izimbangela zephutha lokuvinjelwa kweqhwa
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi kunomswakama owedluleleuhlelo lokuqandisa. Ngokujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwe-refrigerant, umswakama ohlelweni lokuqandisa ugxila kancane kancane endaweni yokuphuma ye-valve yokwandisa. Njengoba izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuphuma ye-valve yokwandisa liphansi kakhulu, amanzi ayaqina abe yiqhwa futhi akhuphuke kancane kancane. Uma efika ezingeni elithile, avimba ngokuphelele i-valve yokwandisa futhi i-refrigerant ayikwazi ukujikeleza.
Imithombo eyinhloko yomswakama ohlelweni lokuqandisa yile:
- Iphepha lokuvikela injini eliku-compressor liqukethe umswakama, okuwumthombo oyinhloko womswakama ohlelweni.
- Umswakama osele ezingxenyeni kanye namapayipi okuxhuma ohlelweni lokuqandisa ngenxa yokomisa okunganele;
- Uwoyela wokuqandisa kanye nesiqandisi kuqukethe umswakama omningi kunalokho okuvunyelwe;
- Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa noma yokulungisa, ipayipi lihlala livulekile isikhathi eside, okwenza umswakama osemoyeni umuncwe yiphepha lokuvikela injini kanye namafutha okuqandisa.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezingenhla, okuqukethwe kwamanzi ohlelweni lokuqandisa kudlula inani elivunyelwe lohlelo lokuqandisa, okuholela ekuvinjweni kweqhwa.
Umthelela wokuvaleka kweqhwa ohlelweni lokuqandisa
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvaleka kweqhwa kubangela ukuthi i-refrigerant ingakwazi ukujikeleza, futhi uhlelo lokuqandisa alukwazi ukuqandisa ngokujwayelekile; ngakolunye uhlangothi, umswakama uzosabela ngamakhemikhali ne-refrigerant ukuze ukhiqize i-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-hydrogen fluoride, okubangela ukugqwala kwamapayipi ensimbi kanye nezingxenye, futhi kubangele ngisho nomonakalo wokushisa kuma-windings emoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzobangela nokuthi uwoyela wokuqandisa ubole futhi kuthinte ukugcotshwa kwe-compressor.
Ukubonakaliswa kokuvaleka kweqhwa ohlelweni lokuqandisa ukuthi lisebenza ngokujwayelekile esigabeni sokuqala, iqhwa ku-evaporator, ukushabalaliswa kokushisa ku-condenser, iyunithi isebenza kahle, futhi umsindo womsebenzi we-refrigerant ku-evaporator ucacile futhi uzinzile. Ngokwakheka kokuvaleka kweqhwa, ukuhamba komoya kungezwakala kancane kancane futhi ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma ukuvaleka kukhulu, umsindo wokugeleza komoya uyanyamalala, ukujikeleza kwe-refrigerant kuyaphazamiseka, futhi i-condenser iyaphola kancane kancane.
Ngenxa yokuvaleka, umfutho wokukhipha ugesi uyanda, umsindo wokusebenza komshini uyanda, akukho refrigerant egeleza iye ku-evaporator, indawo yokuqandisa iyancipha kancane kancane, izinga lokushisa liyanda kancane kancane, kanti izinga lokushisa le-valve yokwandisa nalo liyanda ndawonye, ngakho-ke iqhwa liqala ukuncibilika, futhi refrigerant iqala ukujikeleza futhi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukuvalwa kweqhwa kuyenzeka futhi, kwakha into evimbela ukudlula ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukususwa kokuvinjelwa kweqhwa
Ukuvaleka kweqhwa kwenzeka ohlelweni lokuqandisa ngoba kunomswakama omningi ohlelweni, ngakho-ke lonke uhlelo lokuqandisa kumele lomiswe. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokubhekana nakho:
- Sebenzisa ihhavini yokomisa ukushisa nokomisa ingxenye ngayinye. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ekuqedeni ukuvaleka kweqhwa, kodwa isebenza kuphela ewaranti yomkhiqizi wendawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo.
- Sebenzisa izindlela zokushisa i-vacuum kanye nezindlela ze-vacuum zesibili ukuze ususe umswakama engxenyeni ngayinye yesistimu yokuqandisa.
2. Ukuvaleka kokungcola
Imbangela yokuvaleka okungcolile
Kubangelwa ukungcola okweqile ohlelweni lokuqandisa.
Uma ukungcola kanye nempuphu kugeleza ngesihlungi esomile, iningi lazo lisuswa yisihlungi esomile. Uma kukhona ukungcola okwengeziwe kwisihlungi esomile, ukungcola okuncane kanye nokungcola kulethwa ku-valve yokunweba yi-refrigerant enesivinini esikhulu sokugeleza, futhi kugcinwa futhi kuqongelelwe engxenyeni enokumelana okukhulu engxenyeni yokugoba ye-valve yokunweba. Ukumelana kuya ngokuya kukhulu, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ukungcola kugcinwe kuze kube yilapho i-valve yokunweba ivaliwe futhi uhlelo lokufriji lungakwazi ukujikeleza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibanga eliphakathi kwevalvu yokunweba kanye nesihlungi esisesihlungini esomile liseduze kakhulu, okulula futhi ukubangela ukuvaleka okungcolile; ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kushiselwa ivalvu yokunweba kanye nesihlungi esomile, kulula futhi ukushisela ipayipi levalvu yokunweba.
Umthelela wokuvaleka okungcolile ohlelweni lokuqandisa
Laphouhlelo lokuqandisaingcolile futhi ivinjiwe, isiqandisi asikwazi ukujikeleza, okubangela ukuthi i-compressor isebenze njalo, i-evaporator ayibanda, i-condenser ayishisi, igobolondo le-compressor alishisi, futhi akukho msindo wokugeleza komoya ku-evaporator.
Uma ivinjiwe kancane, i-evaporator izizwa ipholile noma inomkhenkce, kodwa akukho frost. Uma uthinta ubuso bangaphandle be-filter dryer kanye ne-expansion valve, izizwa ibanda kakhulu, iqandisiwe, futhi kuzokwakheka ungqimba lwe-frost emhlophe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho i-refrigerant igeleza nge-filter dryer noma i-expansion valve evinjiwe kancane, ikhiqiza umphumela wokugoba nokunciphisa ingcindezi, okwenza i-refrigerant egeleza nge-blockage ikhule, ishise, futhi imunce ukushisa, okuholela ekujiyileni noma ekuqandisweni ebusweni bangaphandle be-blockage.
Umehluko phakathi kokuvinjelwa kweqhwa nokuvinjelwa okungcolile:
Ngemva kwesikhathi sokuvaleka kweqhwa, ukuqandisa kungabuyiselwa, kwakha umjikelezo wokungavinjelwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi kungavinjelwa, kungavinjelwa bese kungavinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuqandisa akukwazi ukwenziwa ngemva kokuvaleka okungcolile.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuvaleka okungcolile
- Sebenzisa i-nitrogen enomfutho ophezulu kanye nezinye izindlela zokukhipha ukungcola ku-valve yokwandisa evinjiwe;
- Ngemva kokuba ivalvu yokwandisa isiphehliwe, hlanza futhi womise zonke izingxenye ohlelweni lokuqandisa bese uzihlanganisa futhi uzishise ukuze kususwe iphutha.
- Uma ivalvu yokunweba ivimbeke kakhulu, shintsha ivalvu yokunweba ukuze ususe iphutha.
3. Ukuvaleka kukawoyela kanye nokunye ukuvaleka kwepayipi
Imbangela yephutha lokuvaleka kwamafutha
Isilinda se-compressor sigugile kakhulu noma isikhala esiphakathi kwe-piston nesilinda sikhulu kakhulu.
Imbangela yokuvaleka kwepayipi okunye yile:
Ipayipi livinjiwe nge-solder ngesikhathi sokushisela; noma lapho ipayipi lishintshwa, ipayipi ngokwalo livinjiwe ngaphandle kokutholakala. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi lisebenze futhi lihlole njengoba kudingeka lapho kushiselwa futhi kufakwa ipayipi esikhundleni salo, ukuze lingabangeli ukuvinjelwa okwenziwe.
Umthelela wokuvaleka kwamafutha ohlelweni lokuqandisa
Uphethiloli okhishwa ku-compressor ukhishwa ungene ku-condenser, bese ungena kusihlungi sokomisa kanye nesiqandisi. Ngenxa yokugcwala okuphezulu kwamafutha, uvinjelwa yi-desiccant esihlungini. Uma kunamafutha amaningi kakhulu, kwakha ukuvaleka endaweni yokungena yesihlungi, ukuze isiqandisi singakwazi ukujikeleza ngendlela evamile futhi uhlelo lwesiqandisi lungaqandisi.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuvaleka kwamafutha
Kusele uwoyela omningi kakhulu wokuqandisa ohlelweni lokuqandisa, okuthinta umphumela wokuqandisa noma ngisho nokwehluleka ukuqandisa. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela wokuqandisa ohlelweni kumele uhlanzwe.
Uma isihlungi sivinjiwe uwoyela, kufanele kufakwe isihlungi esisha, bese kusetshenziswe i-nitrogen enomfutho ophezulu ukuze kuqhunyiswe ingxenye yamafutha okuqandisa aqoqwe ku-condenser. Uma kungeniswa i-nitrogen, umshini wokomisa izinwele ungasetshenziswa ukushisa i-condenser.
Xhumana nathiukukusiza ukuthi uyixazulule ngempumelelo
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-04-2025
