1. Ukushisa: izinga lokushisa liyisilinganiso sokuthi into eshisayo noma ebanda kangakanani.
Kunamayunithi amathathu okushisa asetshenziswa kakhulu (izikali zokushisa): Celsius, Fahrenheit, kanye namazinga okushisa aphelele.
Celsius lokushisa (T, ℃): Izinga lokushisa esivame ukulisebenzisa. Izinga lokushisa elinganiselwe nge-celsius thermometer.
I-Fahrenheit (F, ℉): Izinga lokushisa elivame ukusetshenziswa emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika.
Ukuguqulwa kokushisa:
F (° F) = 9/5 * t (° C) +32 (Thola izinga lokushisa eFahrenheit kusuka emazingeni okushisa aziwayo kuCelsius)
t (° C) = [F (° F) -32] * 5/9 (Thola izinga lokushisa ku-Celsius lokushisa elaziwayo eFahrenheit)
Isilinganiso sokushisa esiphelele (T, ºK): Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ekubaleni kwethiyori.
Isilinganiso sokushisa esiphelele kanye nokuguqulwa kokushisa kwe-Celsius:
T (ºk) = t (° C) +273 (thola okushisa ngokuphelele kusuka ekushiseni owaziwayo kuCelsius)
2. Ingcindezi (P): Esiqandisweni, ingcindezi ngamandla amile endaweni yeyunithi, okungukuthi, ingcindezi, evame ukukalwa ngegeji yengcindezi kanye negeji yokucindezela.
Amayunithi ajwayelekile wengcindezi yile:
I-MPA (Megapascal);
KPA (KPA);
ibha (ibha);
I-KGF / CM2 (Square Centimentet Kilogram Force);
I-ATM (ingcindezi ejwayelekile yezulu);
mmhg (millimoters of mercury).
Ubudlelwano bokuguqula:
I-1MPA = 10Bar = 1000kpa = 7500.6 mmhg = 10.197 kgf / cm2
1atm = 760mmhg = 1.01326bar = 0.101326MPA
Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ebunjiniyela:
I-1Bar = 0.1MPA ≈1 KGF / CM2 ≈ 1atm = 760 mmhg
Izethulo ezimbalwa zokucindezela:
Ingcindezi ephelele (PJ): Esitsheni, ingcindezi esetshenziswe odongeni olungaphakathi lwesitsha ngokuhamba okushisayo kwama-molecule. Ingcindezi efriji yeThermodynam Properties Ithebula ngokuvamile licindezela ngokuphelele.
Ingcindezi ye-Gauge (PB): Ingcindezi elinganiswa ngegeji yokucindezela ohlelweni lokuqapha. Ingcindezi yegeji umehluko phakathi kwengcindezi yegesi esitsheni nasekucindezelweni komkhathi. Ngokuvamile kuzwakala ukuthi ingcindezi yegeji kanye ne-1Bar, noma i-0.1MPA, ingcindezi ephelele.
I-Vacuum degree (H): Lapho ingcindezi yegeji ingenaphutha, thatha inani layo ngokuphelele futhi uyiveze ngezinga le-vacuum.
I-3. I-Defrindidrant Termodynamic Properties Ithebula: Ithebula lezakhiwo ze-THERMODYNATIC Ithebula libala amazinga okushisa (lokushisa lokugcwala) nengcindezi (ingcindezi yokugcwala) kanye namanye amapharamitha wesiqandisi esigabeni esigcwele. Kukhona ukuxhumana okukodwa okukodwa phakathi kokushisa kanye nengcindezi yesiqandisini esimweni esigcwele.
Ngokuvamile kuzwakala ukuthi esiqandisini ku-evaporator, i-condenser, isihlukanisi segesi-ketshezi, kanye ne-barrel ejikelezayo ephansi isesimweni esigcwele. Umphunga (uketshezi) ngombuso ogcwele ubizwa ngokuthi yi-vapor egcwele (uketshezi), kanye namazinga okushisa ahambisanayo kanye nengcindezi ibizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa le-saturation kanye nengcindezi yokugcwala.
Ohlelweni lokuqaphamlandi, esiqandisini, izinga lokushisa lalo lokugcwala kanye nengcindezi yokugcwala kwesethingi kusona-munye. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-saturation, kuphakama ingcindezi yokugcwala.
Ukuhanjiswa kwesiqandisi esiqandisini ku-evaporator kanye nokuvuselelwa kwe-condenser kwenziwa ngesimo esigcwele, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka kanye nengcindezi yokuhwamuka kanye nokushisa okuvuthayo kanye nokucindezela kwe-componsation kubuye kube yi-to-to-to-comporence. Ubuhlobo obuhambisanayo bungatholakala etafuleni lezakhiwo ze-ThirtRegenant.
I-4. Ukushisa okuqanda kwamazinga okushisa netafula lokuqhathanisa lengcindezi:
I-5 Steam Superheated Superheated no-Supercoled Uketshezi: Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile, izinga lokushisa lithi umusi liphezulu kunamazinga okushisa aphansi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ehambisanayo, ebizwa ngokuthi umusi ohambisanayo. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile, izinga lokushisa loketshezi liphansi kunamazinga okushisa agcwele ngaphansi kwengcindezi ehambisanayo, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-supercooled ketshezi.
Inani lapho izinga lokushisa lokumunca lidlula khona amazinga okushisa abizwa ngokuthi ama-superheat. I-Suction SuperHat degree ngokuvamile iyadingeka ukuthi ilawulwe ngo-5 kuye ku-10 ° C.
Inani lokushisa eliwuketshezi eliphansi ngaphansi kokushisa kwe-saturation libizwa nge-liquid subcooling degree. Ukuhlobisa uketshezi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezansi kwe-condenser, ku-economizer, naku-intercooler. I-ketshezi lifaka ngaphansi kwe-throttle valve linenzuzo ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa.
I-6. Ukuhwamuka, ukuncela, ukuqeda ukuqeda ingcindezi kanye nokushisa okushisa
Ukufakelwa kwengcindezi (lokushisa): Ingcindezi (lokushisa) lesiqandisini ngaphakathi komhwamuko. Ukucindezela kwengcindezi (izinga lokushisa): Ingcindezi (lokushisa) lesiqandisi esiqandayo ku-condenser.
Ingcindezi yokucindezela (lokushisa): Ingcindezi (lokushisa) ethekwini lokumisa le-compressor. Ukucindezela Kwengcindezi (lokushisa): Ingcindezi (lokushisa) echwebeni lokukhipha iCompressor.
7 umehluko wokushisa: Umehluko wokushisa wokushisa wokushisa Umehluko wokushisa yibutho lokushayela lokudluliselwa kokushisa.
Isibonelo, umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwamanzi esiqandisi esiqandayo nawokuphola; esiqandisini ne-brine; Isiqandisi ne-Warehouse Air. Ngenxa yokuba khona kokushisa kokushisa kokushisa umehluko wokushisa, izinga lokushisa lento elizophola liphakeme kunamazinga okushisa okuhwamuka; Izinga lokushisa lokuvuselelwa liphakeme kunamazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo epholile ye-condenser.
8. Umswakama: Umswakama ubhekisa kumswakama womoya. Umswakama uyisici esithinta ukudluliswa kokushisa.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokubonisa umswakama:
Umswakama ophelele (z): inqwaba yomphunga wamanzi ngemitha ye-cubic yomoya.
Okuqukethwe umswakama (d): inani le-vapor lamanzi eliqukethwe kwikhilogremu elilodwa lomoya owomile (g).
Umswakama ohlobene (φ): kukhombisa izinga lapho umswakama wangempela we-AR esondelene nomswakama ogcwele ngokuphelele.
Emazingeni okushisa athile, inani elithile lomoya lingabamba inani elithile le-vapor lamanzi. Uma lo mkhawulo udluliwe, umphunga wamanzi owedlulele uzokuhlawulisa inkungu. Leli nani elithile elinganiselwe le-vapor lamanzi libizwa ngokuthi umswakama ogcwele. Ngaphansi komswakama ogcwelekile, kukhona okuhambisanayo okugcwele umswakama zb, okushintsha ngokushisa komoya.
Emazingeni okushisa athile, lapho umswakama womoya ufinyelela umswakama ogcwele, ubizwa ngokuthi umoya ogcwele, futhi ngeke usakwamukela umphunga wamanzi amaningi; Umoya ongaqhubeka nokwamukela inani elithile le-vapor lamanzi libizwa ngokuthi umoya ongafakwanga.
Umswakama ohlobene yisilinganiso somswakama ophelele we-z womoya ongafakwanga ukuze umswakama ophelele womoya ogcwele. φ = z / zb × 100%. Yisebenzise ukukhombisa ukuthi usondele kangakanani umswakama wangempela ngokuphelele kumswakama ogcwele ngokuphelele.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-08-2022
