1. Yini izici ze-centrifugal compressors?
ICentrifugal Compressor uhlobo lwe-turbo compressor, olunezici zevolumu enkulu yokucubungula igesi, ivolumu elincane, ukwakheka okuzinzile, ukulungiswa okulula, akukho ukungcoliswa kwegesi ngamafutha, kanye namafomu amaningi okushayela angasetshenziswa.
2. Isebenza kanjani i-compressor ye-centrifugal?
Ngokuvamile, umgomo oyinhloko wokwandisa ingcindezi yegesi ukwandisa inani lama-molecule egesi ngevolomu ngayinye, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ibanga phakathi kwamamolekyuli egesi nama-molecule. Into yokusebenza (i-empoller eguquguqukayo ephezulu) yenza umsebenzi kugesi, ukuze ingcindezi yegesi inyuke ngaphansi kwesenzo se-centrifugal, futhi amandla e-kinetic akhuphuka kakhulu. Ukuqhubeka nokwandisa ingcindezi yegesi, lokhu kungumgomo osebenzayo we-compressor ye-centrifugal.
3. Yini ama-prime ahamba phambili e-centrifugal compressors?
Ama-compressors ajwayelekile e-centrifugal compressors yilezi: imoto kagesi, i-turbine ye-steam, i-turbine yegesi, njll.
4. Yini imishini yokusiza ye-centrifugal compressor?
Ukusebenza kwe-centrifugal compressor main injini kusungulwe ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwemishini yokusiza. Imishini yokusiza ifaka phakathi izici ezilandelayo:
(1) Uhlelo lokugcoba lwamafutha.
(2) Uhlelo lokupholisa.
(3) uhlelo lwe-condensate.
(4) Uhlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwamagesi uhlelo lokulawula.
(5) Uhlelo Olomile Lokubekwa uphawu lwegesi.
5. Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-centrifugal compressors ngokwezimpawu zabo zesakhiwo?
Ama-compressors e-centrifugal angahlukaniswa ngohlobo oluhlukaniswe oluvundlile, uhlobo olusezingeni eliphakeme, uhlobo lokucindezela okucacile, uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe nezinye izinhlobo ngokuya ngezimpawu zabo zesakhiwo.
6. Iziphi izingxenye i-rotor equkethe?
I-rotor ifaka phakathi i-shaft enkulu, i-impeller, umkhono we-shaft, i-shaft nati, i-spacer, i-disc ebhalansi ne-disc enkulu.
7. Iyini incazelo yezinga?
Isiteji siyunithi eyisisekelo ye-compressor ye-centrifugal, equkethe impova kanye nesethi yezinto ezihleliwe ezisebenzisana nayo.
8. Iyini incazelo yengxenye?
Isigaba ngasinye phakathi kwePort yokungena kanye nePort eqophayo kwakha ingxenye, futhi ingxenye iqukethe izigaba eyodwa noma eziningana.
9. Iyini incazelo yesilinda?
Isilinda se-compressor ye-centrifugal siqukethe izingxenye eyodwa noma eziningana, futhi isilinda singakwazi ukwamukela okungenani isigaba esisodwa kanye nezigaba eziyishumi.
10. Iyini incazelo yekholomu?
Ama-compressoders aphezulu we-centrifugal kwesinye isikhathi adinga ukuhlanganiswa amasilinda amabili noma ngaphezulu. Isilinda esisodwa noma amasilinda amaningana ahlelwe eksisweni ukuze abe umugqa we-centrifugal compressulas. Imigqa ehlukene inejubane elihlukile lokujikeleza. Ijubane lokujikeleza liphakeme kunaleso somugqa wengcindezi ephansi, kanti ububanzi be-impeller bomugqa wengcindezi ephezulu bukhulu kunalemugqa wengcindezi ephansi emugqeni wejubane elifanayo lokujikeleza (i-coaxial).
11. Uyini umsebenzi we-impeller? Yiziphi izinhlobo ngokuya ngezimpawu ezihlelekile?
I-Impeller ukuphela kwento ye-compressor ye-centrifugal eyenza umsebenzi wegesi medium. I-gesi eliphakathi nendawo liyajikeleza nge-impeller ngaphansi kwe-centrifugal throupt the impeller eshukumisayo ephezulu yokuthola amandla e-kinetic, aguqulwe ngokwengxenye abe amandla okucindezela yi-diffuser. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-Centrifugal Force, iphonswe ngaphandle kusuka ethekwini elingenamandla, futhi ingena kwi-Impeller elandelayo ephethe eceleni kwe-diffuser, gobela, bese ibuya insiza ukuze icindezelwe okunye kuze kube yilapho ikhishwe kwi-compressor autlet.
I-Impeller ingahlukaniswa yaba yizinhlobo ezintathu ngokuya ngezimpawu zayo ezihlelekile: uhlobo oluvulekile, uhlobo oluvulekile nohlobo oluvaliwe.
12. Yisiphi isimo esiphezulu sokugeleza kwe-compressor ye-centrifugal?
Lapho isilinganiso sokugeleza sifinyelela esilinganisweni, isimo yisimo sokugeleza esiphezulu. Kunamathuba amabili walesi simo:
Okokuqala, ukugeleza komoya emphinjeni wendlela ethile yokugeleza esiteji kufinyelela esimweni esibucayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugeleza kwevolumu yegesi sekuvele inani eliphezulu. Akunandaba ukuthi ingcindezi engemuva ye-compressor incishiswe kangakanani, ukugeleza akunakukhuphuka. Lesi simo sibuye sibe "blockage" ".
Okwesibili ukuthi isiteshi sokugeleza singafinyeleli esimweni esibucayi, okungukuthi, asikho isimo esithi "ukuvimba", kepha i-compressor inokulahleka okukhulu kokugeleza komshini ngesilinganiso esikhulu sokugeleza, kanye nengcindezi yokuqeda amandla kakhulu. Amandla angasetshenziswa kuphela ukunqoba ukumelana nepayipi eliphumayo ukuze alondoloze ukugeleza okukhulu okunjalo, okuwukugeleza okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-compressor ye-centrifugal.
13. Iyini i-surge ye-centrifugal compressor?
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kanye nokusebenza kwama-compressors we-centrifugal, kwesinye isikhathi ukunyakaza okuqinile kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, futhi ukugeleza kanye nengcindezi yegesi ephakathi kuyashintsha kakhulu, kuhambisane nezikhathi zokushintshana kwezikhathi zepayipi. Umsindo onamandla we- "Wheezing" no "Wheezing" ubizwa ngokuthi isimo sokuhlinzwa se-compressor ye-centrifugal. I-compressor ayikwazi ukuqhuba isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlinzwa. Lapho i-compressor ingena esimweni sokuhlinzwa, opharetha kufanele athathe ngokushesha izindlela zokulungiswa ukuze anciphise ingcindezi yokuphuma, noma akhulise ukuhamba okungenayo noma ukuphuma, ukuze i-compressor isheshe iphume endaweni eguqukayo, ukuze ifinyelele ekusebenzeni okuzinzile kwe-comprestor.
14. Yiziphi izici zokwehla kwe-surge?
Lapho i-compressor ye-centrifugal isebenza ngento ehlinzayo, ukusebenza kweyunithi kanye nenethiwekhi yepayipi kunezimpawu ezilandelayo:
. I-Gaseous Medium idluliswa kusuka ekukhishweni kwe-compressor ku-Inlet, okuyisimo esiyingozi.
.
. Ngenxa yokudlidliza okunamandla, isimo sokuthambisa okufuywayo sizonakaliswa, isihlahla esivunayo sizoshiswa, futhi ngisho nomshini uzosontekile. Uma kuphukile, i-rotor kanye nesitebhisi izoba nengxabano nokushayisana, futhi into ebekwa uphawu izolinyazwa kakhulu.
15. Ukwenza Kanjani Ukulungiswa Kwe-Anti-Surge?
Ukulimala kokuhlinzwa kukhulu kakhulu, kepha akunakuqedwa ekwakhiweni kuze kube manje. Kungazama kuphela ukugwema iyunithi egijima esimweni sokuhlinzwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Isisekelo sokulwa nokuhlanza ukuqondisa imbangela yokuhlinzwa. Lapho ukuhlinzwa sekuzokwenzeka, ngokushesha zama ukwandisa ukuhamba kwe-compressor ukwenza iyunithi liphume endaweni yokuhlinzwa. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziqondile zokulwa nokuhlinzwa:
(1) indlela yokuvikela igesi engxenye.
(2) Indlela Engxenye Ye-Reflux Reflux.
(3) Shintsha ijubane lokusebenza le-compressor.
16. Kungani i-compressor isebenza ngaphansi komkhawulo we-surge?
(1) Ingcindezi yokuphuma emuva iphakeme kakhulu.
(2) I-Interlet Line Valve igcwele.
(3) I-valve ye-Outlet Line igcwele.
(4) I-anti-adge valve inephutha noma ilungiswe ngokungalungile.
17. Ziyini izindlela zokusebenza kwezindlela zokulungiswa kwezifo ze-centrifugal compressors?
Njengoba amapharamitha enqubo ekukhiqizeni azoshintsha ngokungenakuphikiswa, kuvame ukudingekile ukuze ngesandla noma alungise ngokuzenzakalelayo i-compressor, ukuze i-compressor ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokukhiqiza futhi isebenze ngaphansi kokushintsha kohlelo lokukhiqiza.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinguquko ze-centrifugal compressors: eyodwa inguquko ephelele yokufuna ukufundela, okungukuthi, izinga lokugeleza liyalungiswa ngaphansi kwesisekelo sengcindezi ebuyela emuva; Okunye ukulungiswa kokugeleza okulinganayo, okungukuthi, i-compressor iyalungiswa ngenkathi izinga lokugeleza lihlala lingashintshiwe. Ingcindezi yokuphekela phansi, ngokuqondile, kunezindlela ezinhlanu ezilandelayo zokulungiswa:
(1) Umthethonqubo wokugeleza.
(2) Umthethonqubo wokugeleza kwe-Inlet.
(3) Shintsha umthetho wejubane.
(4) Vula umhlahlandlela we-Inlet Vane ukuze uguqule.
(5) Ukulungiswa okuyingxenye noma ukuboniswa kwe-Reflux.
18. Ijubane likuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwe-compressor?
Ijubane le-compressor linomsebenzi wokushintsha ijika lokusebenza kwe-compressor, kepha ukusebenza kahle njalo, kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yendlela yokulungiswa kwe-compressor.
19. Isho ukuthini ukulungiswa kwengcindezi okulinganayo, ukulungiswa okulinganayo kokugeleza kanye nokulungiswa okulinganayo?
.
.
.
20. Iyini inethiwekhi yepayipi? Yini izingxenye zayo?
Inethiwekhi yepayipi uhlelo lwamapayipi e-centrifugal compressor ukubona umsebenzi wegesi Medium Transport. Lowo otholakala ngaphambi kokuthi i-compressor inlet ibizwa ngepayipi le-suctioning, futhi elitholakala ngemuva kokuphuma kwe-compressors libizwa ngokuthi yipippeline. Isamba samapayipi okumunca nokukhipha uhlelo oluphelele lwamapayipi. Kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi njengenethiwekhi yepayipi.
Inethiwekhi yepayipi ngokuvamile yakhiwa izakhi ezine: amapayipi, ukufakwa kwamapayipi, ama-valve kanye nemishini.
21. Kuyini ukulimala kwe-axial Force?
I-Rotor isebenza ngejubane eliphezulu. Amandla we-axial avela ohlangothini lwengcindezi ephezulu kohlangothi oluphansi lwengcindezi ihlala isebenza. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-axial Force, i-rotor izokhiqiza ukuhanjiswa kwe-axial lapho kuqondiswa khona ama-axial Force, futhi ukuthuthwa kwe-axial kwe-rotor kuzodala ukushelela phakathi kwephephabhuku kanye nesihlahla sokuthela. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukulimaza iphephabhuku noma isihlahla esiphethe. Ngokujulile kakhulu, ngenxa yokufuduswa kwe-rotor, kuzodala ukungezwani, ukushayisana kanye nomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini phakathi kwento ye-rotor kanye nento yesitaki. Ngenxa yamandla we-axial we-rotor, kuzoba nokungqubuzana nokugqokwa kwezingxenye. Ngakho-ke, izindlela ezisebenzayo kufanele zithathwe ukuze zilinganise ukuze zithuthukise ukwethenjwa kwephiko.
22. Iziphi izindlela ezilinganiselayo zamandla we-axial?
Ibhalansi ye-Axial Force iyinkinga ebaliwe engajwayelekile edinga ukucatshangelwa ekwakhiweni kwama-compressors e-multi-esigabeni ama-compressors amaningi. Njengamanje, lezi zindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa ngokuvamile:
.
Ama-axial Force akhiqizwe yi-Inter-Stage Empeller ekhomba indawo engenayo, okungukuthi, ukusuka ohlangothini oluphezulu oluya ohlangothini lwengcindezi ephansi. Uma abathuthukisi abahlukahlukene abahlukahlukene behlelwe ngokulandelana, inani eliphelele le-axial ye-rotor liyisamba samandla ama-axial wabakhi bempi. Ngokusobala leli lungiselelo lizokwenza amandla e-rotor axial amakhulu kakhulu. Uma abalingisi abahlukahlukene abahlukahlukene behlelwe ngezindlela eziphambene, ababi abanama-inlets aphambene bazokhiqiza amandla axakile ngakolunye uhlangothi, olungalinganiselwe komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlela okuhlukile kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ye-axial Force Ball Bagence yabacindezeli be-Multi-State Countrifugal Comepressors.
(2) Setha i-Blank Disc
I-ambial disc iyithuluzi elivame ukusetshenziswa kwe-axial Force balandan for compressors e-multi-stage centrifugal. I-BANCANIKI-Disc ngokuvamile efakwe ohlangothini lwengcindezi ephezulu, kanye nophawu lwe-labyrinth lunikezwe phakathi komphetho wangaphandle kanye nesilinda, ukuze uhlangothi oluphansi lwengcindezi luxhumeke uhlangothi oluphezulu lwe-compresser. Amandla we-axial akhiqizwe umehluko wengcindezi aphambene nama-axial Force akhiqizwe yi-impeller, ngaleyo ndlela alinganise ama-axial Force akhishwe yi-impeller.
23. Yini inhloso ye-Rotor axial Force Ball?
Inhloso ye-Rotor Balance ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa i-axial threst nomthwalo wokuthwala okuthe xaxa. Ngokuvamile, ama-70℅ ama-axial Force aqedwa yipuleti esele, futhi okusele okungu-30˚ kungumthwalo wokuthwala okuthe xaxa. I-axial Force ethile iyindlela esebenzayo yokwenza ngcono ukusebenza okubushelelezi kwe-rotor.
24. Yini isizathu sokwanda kokushisa kwethayela elishukumisayo?
.
.
.
.
.
(6) Uma uwoyela wokuthambisa aqukethe amanzi noma okunye ukungcola, i-thrust pad ayikwazi ukwakha ukuthambisa okugcwele okuwuketshezi.
.
25. Ungabhekana kanjani nokushisa okuphezulu kwethayela elishukumisayo?
.
.
.
.
.
(6) Buyisela uwoyela omusha wokugcoba ofanelekile ukuze ulondoloze ukusebenza kokuthambisa kwamafutha okugcoba.
.
26. Lapho uhlelo lwe-synthesis lucindezelwa kakhulu, yini okufanele abasebenzi abacindezelayo benzani?
(1) Yazisa abasebenzi be-synthesis ukuze bavule i-Pv2001 yokuthola ingcindezi.
.
27. Ngabe i-compressor ehlanganisiwe ijikelezisa kanjani uhlelo lokuhlanganiswa?
Uhlelo lwe-synthesis ludinga ukugcwaliswa nge-nitrogen futhi lifudumele ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo lokuhlanganiswa. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza kusebenze i-syngas compressor ukuthola umjikelezo ohlelweni lwe-synthesis.
(1) Qala i-turbine ye-syngas compressor turbine ngokuya ngenqubo ejwayelekile yokuqalisa, bese uyiqhuba ngejubane elijwayelekile ngaphandle komthwalo.
.
.
28. Lapho uhlelo lwe-synthesis ludinga ukusika igesi ngokuphuthumayo (i-compressor ayiyeki), kufanele isebenze kanjani i-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
Ama-compressors ahlanganisiwe adinga ukusebenza okuphuthumayo okusikiwe:
.
.
(3) Vala i-XV2683, eduze xv2681 ne-XV2682.
. I-synthesis igesi compressor ayinalo umthwalo; Uhlelo lwe-synthesis lucindezelekile.
.
29. Ungawengeza kanjani umoya omusha?
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-Valve XV2683 yesigaba sokungena ivulekile ngokuphelele, futhi inani legesi entsha lingalawulwa kuphela i-Anti-Surge Valve esigabeni esisha ngemuva kokulwa nokuhlinzwa okuhlangene. Inhloso yevolumu yomoya entsha.
30. Ungayilawula kanjani i-AirSpeed nge-compressor?
Ukulawula i-Space Velocity nge-Syngas Compressor ukushintsha isivinini sesikhala ngokwandisa noma ukwehlisa inani lokusakazwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesimo senani elithile legesi entsha, ukukhulisa inani legesi yokujikeleza yokwenziwa kuzokhulisa i-Space Velocity ngokufanele, kepha ukwanda kwesivinini sesikhala kuzothinta i-methanol. Ukusabela kwe-synthesis kuzoba nomthelela othile.
31. Ukulawula kanjani inani lokujikeleza kwe-zokwenziwa?
I-throttle-linqunyelwe yi-anti-surge valve engxenyeni yokusakazwa.
32. Yiziphi izizathu zokungakwazi ukukhulisa inani lokujikeleza kwe-zokwenziwa?
(1) Inani legesi entsha liphansi. Lapho ukusabela kulungile, ivolumu lizoncishiswa futhi ingcindezi izokwehla ngokushesha okukhulu, okuphumela ekucindezelweni okuphansi okuphansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa i-velocity yesikhala ukulawula isivinini sokusabelwa kwe-synthesis.
(2) Ivolumu yokuphuma (ivolumu ephumuzayo) yohlelo lwe-synthesis inkulu kakhulu, futhi i-PV2001 inkulu kakhulu.
.
33. Yini ama-interlocks phakathi kohlelo lokuhlanganiswa kanye ne-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
.
.
(3) Umkhawulo ophezulu wokushisa okushisayo kwendawo ye-synthesis
34. Yini okufanele yenziwe uma izinga lokushisa legesi yokujikeleza zokwenziwa liphezulu kakhulu?
(1) Bheka ukuthi izinga lokushisa likagesi ojikelezayo ohlelweni lwe-synthesis luyakhuphuka. Uma kuphakeme kunenkomba, ivolumu yokujikeleza kufanele incishiswe noma i-dispatcher kufanele yaziswe ukwandisa ingcindezi yamanzi noma ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi.
. Uma kukhula, ukugeleza kwegesi kuhamba kukhulu kakhulu futhi umphumela wokupholisa umpofu. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani lokujikeleza lokujikeleza kwayo kufanele likhuphuke.
35. Ungangeza Kanjani I-Ges entsha Nokujikeleza Igesi Ngesikhathi Sokushayela?
Lapho ukuhlanganiswa kuqala, ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kwegesi kanye nokushisa okuphansi okushisayo kwendawo, ukusabela kwe-synthesis kulinganiselwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, umthamo kufanele ube ngokuyizenzo zokushisa kombhede we-catalyst. Ngakho-ke, inani lokujikeleza kufanele lingezwe ngaphambi kokuthathwa komthamo wegesi okusha (ngokuvamile ukujikeleza ivolumu yegesi kuhlale izikhathi ezi-4 kuya kwezingu-6 zevolumu entsha yegesi), bese wengeza ivolumu yegesi entsha. Inqubo yokungeza ivolumu kufanele ihambe kancane futhi kufanele kube nesikhathi esithile sokuphumula (ikakhulukazi kuya ngokuthi izinga lokushisa le-catalyst hot lingagcinwa futhi libe nomkhuba ophakeme). Ngemuva kokuthi izinga lifinyelelwe, ukuhlanganiswa kungadingeka ukucisha umusi wokuqalisa. Vala i-valve ye-anti-adge yesigaba esisha bese wengeza umoya omusha. Vala i-Anti-Surge Valve yesigaba esincane sokujikeleza bese wengeza ivolumu yomoya ejikelezayo.
36. Lapho uhlelo lwe-synthesis luqala futhi luyeki, ungalisebenzisa kanjani i-compressor ukugcina ukushisa nengcindezi?
I-nitrogen ikhokhiswa kusuka ku-inlet ye-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuze ungene esikhundleni sokubuyisela uhlelo lwe-synthesis. I-compressor ehlanganisiwe kanye nohlelo lokuhlanganiswa luhamba ngamabhayisekili. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lukhishwa ngokuya ngengcindezi yohlelo lwe-synthesis. I-Space Velocity isetshenziselwa ukugcina izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuphuma kwe-synthesis tower, futhi i-Start-up Steam ivuliwe ukuhlinzeka ukushisa, ukufunjala kwengcindezi ephansi kanye nejubane eliphansi le-syntheration yohlelo lwe-syntheris.
37. Lapho uhlelo lwe-synthesis luqalisiwe, indlela yokwandisa kanjani ingcindezi yohlelo lwe-synthesis? Kungakanani ingcindezi yokulawula isivinini?
Ukuphakanyiswa kwengcindezi kohlelo lwe-synthesis kutholakala ikakhulukazi ngokwandisa inani legesi entsha nokwandisa ingcindezi yegesi yokujikeleza. Ngokukhethekile, ukuvala i-anti-surge esigabeni esincane esisha kungakhuphula inani legesi entsha yokwenziwa; Ukuvala i-valve yokulwa nokuhlinzwa esigabeni esincane esijikelezayo kungalawula ingcindezi yokuqunjelwa. Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa okujwayelekile, ijubane lokukhulisa ingcindezi yohlelo lwe-synthesis ngokuvamile lilawulwa ku-0.4MPA / Min.
38. Lapho i-synthesis tower ishisa, kanjani ukusebenzisa i-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukulawula isilinganiso sokushisa se-synthesis tower? Iyiphi inkomba yokulawula yezinga lokushisa?
Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umusi wokuqalisa uvuliwe ukuhlinzeka ukufuduka okushisayo, okushayela ukujikeleza kwamanzi ama-boiler, kanye nokushisa kombhoshongo we-syntheris; Ngakho-ke, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kombhoshongo kulungiswa ikakhulukazi ngokulungisa inani lokujikelezwa ngesikhathi sokushisa. Inkomba yokulawula yezinga lokushisa ngu-25 ℃ / h.
39. Ungaguqula kanjani ukugeleza kwegesi elwa nokuhlinzwa esigabeni esisha kanye nesigaba sokujikeleza?
Lapho ukusebenza kwe-compressor kuseduze nesimo sokuhlinzwa, kufanele kwenziwe ukulungiswa kwe-anti-surge. Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, ukuze kuvikele ukuguquguquka kohlelo lwevolumu yohlelo kusuka ekubeni lukhulu kakhulu, ijaji lokuqala futhi lithola ukuthi yisiphi isigaba esiseduze kwesimo segesi, kodwa sikwazi ukuwavuselela i-valve yegesi efaka umbhoshongo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uqede lapho uqeda ukuhlinzwa.
40. Phinda ucindezele isizathu soketshezi lapho kufakwa i-compressor?
.
.
(3) Izinga loketshezi lokwehlukanisa liphezulu kakhulu, okuphumela ekungeneni kwegesi-ketshezi.
41. Ungabhekana kanjani noketshezi ku-compressor inlet?
(1) Xhumana nohlelo lwangaphambilini ukuze uguqule ukusebenza kwenqubo.
.
(3) Yehlisa izinga loketshezi lokwahlukanisa ukuvikela ukufakwa kwegesi.
42. Yiziphi izizathu zokuncipha kokusebenza kweyunithi ehlanganisiwe ye-compressor?
.
.
.
.
.
(6) kwenzeka isimo sokuhlinzwa.
43. Yimaphi amapharamitha asemqoka wokusebenza kwama-compressors we-centrifugal?
Amapharamitha asemqoka we-centrifugal compressulas yilezi: Flow, Outlet Tress noma i-Compression Ratio, Amandla, ukusebenza kahle, isivinini, ikhanda lamandla, njll.
Amapharamitha aphambili wokusebenza kwemishini yidatha eyisisekelo yokubonisa izici zesakhiwo zemishini, umthamo wokusebenza, indawo yokusebenza, njll.
44. Kusho ukuthini ukusebenza kahle?
Ukusebenza kahle kuyizinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla adluliselwe kugesi yi-centrifugal compressor. Izinga eliphakeme lokusetshenziswa, ukukhuphuka kahle kwe-compressor.
Njengoba ukucindezelwa kwegesi kunezinqubo ezintathu: ukucindezelwa okuguquguqukayo, ukucindezelwa okunamandla kanye nokucindezela kwe-isothermal, ukusebenza kahle kwe-compressor kuhlukaniswe nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo, ukusebenza kahle kwe-adiabatic kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-adiabatic kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-isorther.
45. Isho ukuthini isilinganiso sokucindezela?
Isilinganiso sokucindezela Sikhuluma ngokubhekisela ku-ratiop of the groupsor ukukhipha i-gesi ingcindezi yokudla, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso sengcindezi noma isilinganiso sengcindezelo.
46. Iziphi izingxenye uhlelo lwamawoyela wokuthambisa oluqukethe?
Uhlelo lokuthambisa uwoyela luqukethe isiteshi sokuthambisa, ithangi eliphakeme lamafutha, ipayipi eliphakathi lokuxhuma, i-valve ye-valve nensimbi yokuhlola kanye nensimbi yokuhlola.
Isiteshi samafutha sokuthambisa sinamathangi kawoyela, i-oyili pump, indawo epholile yamafutha, isihlungi samafutha, ukucindezela okulawulwa yi-valve, amathuluzi okuhlola ahlukahlukene, amapayipi kawoyela nama-valve.
47. Yini umsebenzi wethangi eliphakeme lamafutha aphezulu?
Ithangi elisezingeni eliphakeme lingenye yezindlela zokuvikela ukuphepha zeyunithi. Lapho iyunithi isebenza okujwayelekile, ukugcotshwa kwamafutha kungena kusuka phansi futhi kuyakhishwa kusuka phezulu ngqo ethangi likaphethiloli. Izogeleza ngamaphoyinti ahlukahlukene okuthambisa emugqeni we-inlet we-oyili bese ibuyela ethangini lamafutha ukuze uqinisekise isidingo sokuthambisa uwoyela ngesikhathi senqubo esebenzayo yeyunithi.
48. Yiziphi izindlela zokuphepha ezikhona zeyunithi ehlanganisiwe ye-compressor?
(1) ithangi eliphakeme lamafutha aphezulu
(2) I-valve yokuphepha
(3) I-Accumulator
(4) I-valve esheshayo yokuvala
(5) Amanye amadivaysi okuxhumanisa
49. Yini umgomo wokubekwa uphawu we-labyrinth seal?
Ngokuguqula amandla angaba khona (ingcindezi) ibe ngamandla we-kinetic (velocity flow) kanye nokuqeda amandla e-kinetic ngendlela ye-Eddy curnts.
50. Uyini umsebenzi wokuthwala?
Kunemisebenzi emibili yokuthwala: Ukuthwala isiphambeko se-rotor nokubeka i-rotorphithiphithi. I-Throst ephethe amabhere we-rotor thrust engakalinganiswa yi-piston esele kanye nokuphoqelela ekuhlanganiseni kwegiya. Ubukhulu balezi zinqwaba bunqunywa ikakhulu ngumthwalo we-turbine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthwala okuxakile nakho kuyasebenza ukulungisa isikhundla se-axial ye-rotor okuhlobene nesilinda.
51. Kungani kufanele i-compressor ehlanganisiwe kufanele ikhulule ingcindezi yomzimba ngokushesha lapho iyekile?
Ngoba i-compressor ivaliwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi isikhathi eside, uma ingcindezi ye-inlet yegesi eyisisekelo ayinakuba ngaphezulu kwengcindezi ye-compressor, igesi engafakwanga emshinini izongena ku-seal.
52. Indima yokubekwa uphawu?
Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle wokusebenza we-compressor ye-centrifugal, igebe elithile kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwe-rotor kanye nesitebhisi ukugwema ukungezwani, ukugqoka, ukushayisana, ukulimala nezinye izingozi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngenxa yokuba khona kwezikhala, ukuvuza phakathi kwezigaba nemiphetho ye-shaft kuyokwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ukuvuza akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwe-compressor, kodwa futhi kuholela ekungcoleni kwemvelo ngisho nasezingozini zokuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, into evuzayo ayivunyelwa ukuba yenzeke. Ukufakwa uphawu kuyisilinganiso esisebenzayo sokugwema ukushintshwa kwe-compressage i-Inderstage and Shaft End Ukuvuza ngenkathi kugcina imvume efanele phakathi kweRotor ne-STER.
53. Hlobo luni lwamadivayisi wokubopha ahlukaniswe ngokwezimpawu zabo zesakhiwo? Uyini umgomo wokukhetha?
Ngokwezinga lokushisa likaCompressor, ukucindezela nokuthi ngabe igesi liyingozi noma cha, uphawu lusebenzisa amafomu ahlukene amafomu, futhi ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi yithuluzi lokubeka uphawu.
Ngokwezici ezihlelekile, idivaysi yokuvala uphawu ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu: Uhlobo lokukhishwa komoya, uhlobo lwe-labyrinth, uhlobo lwendandatho oluntantayo, uhlobo lwemishini kanye nohlobo lwe-Spiral. Ngokuvamile, kumagesi anobuthi futhi anobungozi futhi avumayo futhi aqhume, uhlobo lokukhala oluntantayo, uhlobo lwemishini, uhlobo lwesikulufa nohlobo lokukhishwa komoya kufanele lusetshenziswe.
54. Uyini uphawu lwegesi?
Igesi Seal i-seal engeyona eyokuxhumana ngegesi maphakathi nethambisa. Ngomklamo wobuhlakani wesakhiwo sento yokubopha uphawu kanye nokwenza umsebenzi wawo, ukuvuza kungancishiswa kube okungenani.
Izici zalo kanye nesimiso sokubopha uphawu yile:
(1) Isihlalo sokubopha kanye ne-rotor sihleliwe
I-Block Block kanye neDamu Yokubopha Kwenzelwe Emaphethelweni (Primary Searing Face) wesihlalo sokubopha okuphambene nendandatho eyinhloko. Amabhulokhi wokuvala uphawu eza ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukile. Lapho i-rotor ijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, igesi ngesikhathi somjovo yayo ikhiqiza ingcindezi, eyakha indandatho eyinhloko ngaphandle, yakha ukufutheka kwegesi, nokunciphisa ukugqokwa kobuso obuyisisekelo, nokuvimbela ukuvuza kwegesi kuncane. Idamu lokubopha uphawu lisetshenziselwa ukupaka lapho kuvezwa igesi yezicubu.
(2) Lolu hlobo lokuvalwa uphawu ludinga umthombo wegesi oqinile wokubopha uphawu, olungaba yigesi ephakathi noma igesi ye-inert. Akunandaba ukuthi igesi isetshenziswa yiphi igesi, kufanele ihlungwe futhi ibizwa ngegesi ehlanzekile.
55. Ungayikhetha kanjani uphawu olomile lwegesi?
Ngesimo ukuthi noma igesi yenqubo evunyelwe ukuvuza emkhathini, noma igesi evinjelwe ivunyelwe ukungena emshinini, kusetshenziswe uchungechunge lwegesi olomile olunokudla komoya oluphakathi.
Izimpawu zegesi ezejwayelekile ze-Tandem eyomile zilungele izimo lapho inani elincane lenqubo liyavuza emkhathini, futhi uphawu oluyisisekelo ohlangothini lwesimo sezulu lusetshenziswa njengophawu lokuphepha.
56. Yini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yokuqala yokubopha uphawu?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yasemuva yeSisekelo ukuvikela igesi engcolile ku-compressor ehlanganisiwe ekungcoleni ubuso bokuphela kophawu lokuqala. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokujikeleza okusheshayo kwe-compressor, kubhejwa kwi-pour-stage venting puns cavity ngokusebenzisa ubuso bokuphela kobuso bokuqala, futhi ifilimu yomoya eqinile yakhiwa phakathi kokuphela kobuso be-sal ukugcoba nokupholisa ubuso bokuphela. Iningi legesi lingena emshinini we-shaft ukuphela kwe-labyrinth, futhi ingxenye encane yegesi engena kuphela i-avent torch cavity ngokusebenzisa ubuso bokuphela kophawu lokuqala.
57. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yesibili yokubopha uphawu?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yesibili yesibili ukuvimbela inani elincane legesi eliphakathi nendawo elivela ebusweni bokuphela kophawu lwesisekelo kusuka ekungeneni ubuso bokuphela kopeni lwesibili, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-Secondary. I-cavity yethoshi lokufaka uphawu lokubopha uphawu lingena kwi-Venting Torch Pipeline, futhi ingxenye encane kuphela yegesi efaka umthambo wokufaka uphawu wesibili ngobuso bokuphela kokubekwa kwesibili bese ungena endaweni ephakeme.
58. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi emuva yedwa?
Inhloso esemqoka yegesi ye-Isolate yodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso bokuphela bophawu lwesibili alungcolisiwe nguwoyela wokuthambisa we-compressor ehlanganisiwe. Ingxenye yegesi ikhishwa nge-labyrinth yangaphakathi yophawu lwangemuva kanye nengxenye encane yegesi evuzayo evela ebusweni bokuphela kopende wesibili; Enye ingxenye yegesi ikhishwa ngokuthambekela kwamafutha okuthambisa nge-labyrinth yangaphandle yophawu lwangemuva.
59. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokusebenzisa ngaphambi kohlelo lokubopha igesi eyomile luyasebenza?
(1) Beka igesi engasemuva yehlukanise imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokuqala kohlelo lwamafutha. Ngokufanayo, igesi ye-lolate yasemuva yangasemuva inganqunywa ngemuva kokuthi uwoyela uphelelwe yimizuzu eyi-10. Ngemuva kokuhamba kwezokuThutha kawoyela, igesi ye-lolation engemuva ayikwazi ukumiswa, ngaphandle kwalokho uPhawu uzolinyazwa.
(2) Lapho isihlungi sisetshenziswa, ama-valves ebhola aphezulu nangaphansi wesihlungi kufanele avulwe kancane ukuvikela ukulimala kwento yokuhlunga okubangelwa umthelela wengcindezelo ngokushesha okukhulu.
(3) Lapho i-flowmeter isetshenziswa, ama-valves ebhola aphezulu nangaphansi kufanele avulwe kancane ukuze agcine ukugeleza kuzinzile.
.
60. Indlela Yokuphatha I-Fluid Conduction ye-V2402 ne-V2403 esiteshini sokuqalisa?
Ngaphambi kokushayela, i-V2402 ne-V2403 kufanele isungule izinga elijwayelekile loketshezi kusengaphambili. Izinyathelo ezithile zinjengokulandelayo:
.
.
.
(4) Inqubo yokuqondisa uketshezi kumele ihambe kancane ukuvikela ukweqiwa kwe-v2402 ne-v2403. Ngemuva kwezinga elijwayelekile le-V2402 ne-V2403 elisunguliwe, i-Lv2421 kanye nama-valves awo ngaphambili nangemuva kufanele avalwe, futhi i-V2402 ne-V2403 kufanele ivalwe. .
61. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvalwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kwesiteshi esikhondayo?
Ngenxa yokwehluleka kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, ipompo kawoyela, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukusikwa kwamanzi, ukuma kwamanzi, ukuhlinzwa kwegesi ye-compressor okungakwazi ukuqedwa, i-compressor izovalwa ngokuphuthumayo. Uma kwenzeka umlilo ohlelweni, umthombo wegesi we-propelene kufanele unqunywe ngokushesha futhi ingcindezi kufanele ifakwe esikhundleni se-nitrogen.
(1) vala i-compressor endaweni yesehlakalo noma egumbini lokulawula, futhi uma kungenzeka, linganisa futhi urekhode isikhathi sokukhipha amatekisi. Shintsha uphawu lwe-compressor oluyisisekelo ku-nitrogen ephakathi nendawo.
. Uma sonke isitshalo sinikwa amandla, izinkinobho zokusebenza zePump Pump, iphampu ye-condensate nepompo kawoyela kufanele ziguqulwe ngesikhathi. Esimweni esinqatshiwe ukuvikela iphampu kusuka ekuqaleni ngemuva kokuthola amandla okuthola amandla.
(3) Vala i-valve yokuphuma yesigaba sesibili se-compressor.
(4) Vala i-valve valve ngaphakathi nangaphandle kohlelo lweqandi.
(5) Lapho i-vacuum degree isondele ku-zero, yeka iphampu yamanzi bese umisa shaft ukuvala umusi.
.
(7) Thola isizathu sokuvalwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
62. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvalwa okuphuthumayo kwe-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
Ngenxa yokwehluleka kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, ipompo kawoyela, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukusikwa kwamanzi, ukuma kwamanzi, ukuhlinzwa kwegesi ye-compressor okungakwazi ukuqedwa, i-compressor izovalwa ngokuphuthumayo. Uma kwenzeka umlilo ohlelweni, umthombo wegesi we-propelene kufanele unqunywe ngokushesha futhi ingcindezi kufanele ifakwe esikhundleni se-nitrogen.
(1) vala i-compressor endaweni yesehlakalo noma egumbini lokulawula, futhi uma kungenzeka, linganisa futhi urekhode isikhathi sokukhipha amatekisi.
. Uma sonke isitshalo sinikwa amandla, izinkinobho zokusebenza zePump Pump, iphampu ye-condensate nepompo kawoyela kufanele ziguqulwe ngesikhathi. Esimweni esinqatshiwe ukuvikela iphampu kusuka ekuqaleni ngemuva kokuthola amandla okuthola amandla.
. Uma amandla anqunywe noma umoya wensimbi uyamiswa, i-XV2681 izovala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngalesi sikhathi, futhi abasebenzi be-compressors kufanele baziswe ukuvula i-valve yesibili ye-compressor yokukhipha ingcindezi ngesandla.
.
.
(6) Thola isizathu sokuvalwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-06-2022
