1. Yiziphi izici zama-compressor e-centrifugal?
I-centrifugal compressor uhlobo lwe-turbo compressor, olunezici zomthamo omkhulu wegesi yokucubungula, umthamo omncane, isakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukulungiswa okulula, ukungangcoliswa kwegesi ngamafutha, kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zokushayela ezingasetshenziswa.
2. Isebenza kanjani i-centrifugal compressor?
Ngokuvamile, umgomo oyinhloko wokwandisa ingcindezi yegesi ukwandisa inani lama-molecule egesi ngevolumu ngayinye, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ibanga phakathi kwama-molecule egesi nama-molecule. Isici esisebenzayo (i-impeller ejikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu) senza umsebenzi kugesi, ukuze ingcindezi yegesi ikhuphuke ngaphansi kwesenzo se-centrifugal, futhi amandla e-kinetic nawo akhuphuke kakhulu. Ukuze kwandiswe ingcindezi yegesi, lesi yisimiso sokusebenza se-compressor ye-centrifugal.
3. Yiziphi izinto ezivamile ezishukumisa ama-compressor e-centrifugal?
Izinto ezivamile ezishukumisa ama-compressor e-centrifugal yilezi: injini kagesi, i-turbine yesitimu, i-turbine yegesi, njll.
4. Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-centrifugal compressor?
Ukusebenza kwenjini enkulu ye-centrifugal compressor kusekelwe ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwemishini yokusiza. Imishini yokusiza ihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
(1) Uhlelo lwamafutha okugcoba.
(2) Uhlelo lokupholisa.
(3) Uhlelo lwe-condensate.
(4) Uhlelo lwezinsimbi zikagesi luyisistimu yokulawula.
(5) Uhlelo lokuvala igesi elomile.
5. Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-compressor e-centrifugal ngokwezici zawo zesakhiwo?
Ama-compressor e-Centrifugal angahlukaniswa ngohlobo oluhlukanisiwe oluvundlile, uhlobo oluhlukanisiwe oluqondile, uhlobo lokucindezela kwe-isothermal, uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe kanye nezinye izinhlobo ngokwezici zazo zesakhiwo.
6. Yiziphi izingxenye eziqukethwe yi-rotor?
I-rotor ihlanganisa umgodi oyinhloko, i-impeller, umkhono womgodi, i-shaft nut, i-spacer, i-balance disc kanye ne-thrust disc.
7. Iyini incazelo yezinga?
Isigaba siyiyunithi eyisisekelo ye-compressor ye-centrifugal, equkethe i-impeller kanye nesethi yezinto eziqinile ezisebenzisana nayo.
8. Iyini incazelo yesigaba?
Isigaba ngasinye phakathi kwembobo yokungenisa kanye nembobo yokukhipha umoya sakha ingxenye, futhi ingxenye inesigaba esisodwa noma eziningana.
9. Iyini incazelo yesilinda?
Isilinda se-centrifugal compressor siqukethe ingxenye eyodwa noma eziningana, kanti isilinda singathwala okungenani isigaba esisodwa kanye nezigaba eziyishumi.
10. Iyini incazelo yekholomu?
Ama-compressor e-centrifugal anomfutho ophezulu ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka akhiwe ngamasilinda amabili noma ngaphezulu. Isilinda esisodwa noma amasilinda amaningana ahlelwe ku-axis ukuze abe umugqa wama-compressor e-centrifugal. Imigqa ehlukene inejubane elihlukile lokujikeleza. Ijubane lokujikeleza liphakeme kunelomugqa wokucindezela okuphansi, futhi ububanzi be-impeller bomugqa wokucindezela okuphezulu bukhulu kunomugqa wokucindezela okuphansi emgqeni wejubane elifanayo lokujikeleza (i-coaxial).
11. Uyini umsebenzi we-impeller? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona ngokwezici zesakhiwo?
I-impeller yiyona nto kuphela ye-compressor ye-centrifugal eyenza umsebenzi ku-gas medium. I-gas medium ijikeleza ne-impeller ngaphansi kwe-centrifugal thrust ye-impeller ejikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze ithole amandla e-kinetic, aguqulwa kancane abe amandla okucindezela yi-diffuser. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, iphonswa ngaphandle kwe-impeller port, bese ingena ku-impeller yesigaba esilandelayo nge-diffuser, i-gond, kanye nedivayisi yokubuyisela ukuze icindezelwe kakhulu kuze kube yilapho ikhishwa ku-compressor outlet.
I-impeller ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu ngokwezici zayo zesakhiwo: uhlobo oluvulekile, uhlobo oluvulekile kancane kanye nohlobo oluvaliwe.
12. Iyini isimo sokugeleza esiphezulu se-compressor ye-centrifugal?
Uma izinga lokugeleza lifinyelela esiphezulu, isimo yisimo sokugeleza esiphezulu. Kunezindlela ezimbili zalesi simo:
Okokuqala, ukugeleza komoya emphinjeni wendlela ethile yokugeleza esigabeni kufinyelela esimweni esibucayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugeleza komthamo wegesi sekuvele kuyinani eliphezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingcindezi yangemuva ye-compressor incishisiwe kangakanani, ukugeleza akukwazi ukwanda. Lesi simo sibuye sibe "yisivimbelo" "Izimo".
Okwesibili ukuthi isiteshi sokugeleza asikafiki esimweni esibucayi, okungukuthi, akukho simo "sokuvimba", kodwa i-compressor inokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokugeleza emshinini ngesivinini esikhulu sokugeleza, futhi ingcindezi yokukhipha umoya enganikezwa incane kakhulu, cishe icishe ibe yi-zero. Amandla angasetshenziswa kuphela ukunqoba ukumelana epayipini lokukhipha umoya ukuze kulondolozwe ukugeleza okukhulu kangaka, okuyisimo sokugeleza esiphezulu se-compressor ye-centrifugal.
13. Kuyini ukwanda kwe-centrifugal compressor?
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwama-compressor e-centrifugal, ngezinye izikhathi ukudlidliza okunamandla kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, futhi ukugeleza nokucindezela kwe-gas medium nakho kuyashintshashintsha kakhulu, kuhambisana nemisindo "yokubiza" engavamile, kanye nokushintshashintsha kokugeleza komoya kunethiwekhi yamapayipi. Umsindo onamandla "wokuphefumula" kanye "nokuphefumula" ubizwa ngokuthi isimo sokuphefumula se-compressor ye-centrifugal. I-compressor ayikwazi ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwesimo sokuphefumula. Uma i-compressor ingena esimweni sokuphefumula, umqhubi kufanele athathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngokushesha ukunciphisa ingcindezi yokuphuma, noma ukwandisa ukugeleza kokungena noma ukuphuma, ukuze i-compressor ikwazi ukuphuma ngokushesha endaweni yokuphefumula, ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-compressor.
14. Yiziphi izici zesenzakalo sokukhuphuka?
Uma i-compressor ye-centrifugal isebenza ngesenzakalo sokukhuphuka, ukusebenza kweyunithi kanye nenethiwekhi yamapayipi kuba nezici ezilandelayo:
(1) Ingcindezi yokukhipha kanye nezinga lokugeleza kokungena kwegesi kungashintsha kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke isenzakalo sokubuyela emuva kwegesi. Igesi idluliselwa kusuka ekukhishweni kwe-compressor iye ekungeneni, okuyisimo esiyingozi.
(2) Inethiwekhi yamapayipi inokudlidliza okuvamile okunobukhulu obukhulu kanye nemvamisa ephansi, okuhambisana nomsindo "wokubhonga" okuvamile.
(3) Umzimba we-compressor uyavevezela kakhulu, i-casing kanye ne-bearing kunomsindo omkhulu wokugeleza komoya, futhi kukhishwa umsindo omkhulu wokugeleza komoya ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngenxa yokuvevezela okukhulu, isimo sokuthambisa i-bearing sizolimala, isihlahla se-bearing sizoshiswa, ngisho nomgodi uzosonteka. Uma uphukile, i-rotor kanye ne-stator kuzoba nokungqubuzana nokushayisana, futhi into yokuvala izolimala kakhulu.
15. Ungenza kanjani ukulungiswa kokulwa nokuvuvukala?
Umonakalo wokwanda kwamandla kagesi mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa awukwazi ukususwa ekwakhiweni kuze kube manje. Ingazama kuphela ukugwema ukuthi iyunithi ingene esimweni sokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Umgomo wokulwa nokwanda kwamandla kagesi ukuqondisa imbangela yokwanda kwamandla kagesi. Uma ukwanda kwamandla kagesi sekuzokwenzeka, zama ngokushesha ukwandisa ukuhamba kwe-compressor ukuze iyunithi iphume endaweni yokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziqondile zokulwa nokwanda kwamandla kagesi kagesi:
(1) Indlela yokuvikela umoya ngegesi engaphelele.
(2) Indlela yokuvuselela igesi ngokwengxenye.
(3) Shintsha isivinini sokusebenza kwe-compressor.
16. Kungani i-compressor isebenza ngaphansi komkhawulo wokuphakama?
(1) Umfutho wokuphuma komoya uphezulu kakhulu.
(2) Ivalvu yomugqa wokungena icindezelwe.
(3) Ivalvu yomugqa wokukhipha ipayipi icindezelwe.
(4) Ivalvu yokulwa nokuqhuma ayinaso isici noma ayilungiswanga kahle.
17. Yiziphi izindlela zokulungisa izimo zokusebenza zama-compressor e-centrifugal?
Njengoba imingcele yenqubo ekukhiqizeni izoshintsha ngokungenakugwenywa, kuvame ukudingeka ukulungisa i-compressor ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukuze i-compressor ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokukhiqiza futhi isebenze ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezishintshayo, ukuze kulondolozwe ukuzinza kohlelo lokukhiqiza.
Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokulungiswa kwama-compressor e-centrifugal: eyodwa ukulungiswa kokucindezela okulinganayo, okungukuthi, izinga lokugeleza lilungiswa ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokucindezela okuhlala njalo emuva; enye ukulungiswa kokugeleza okulinganayo, okungukuthi, i-compressor ilungiswa kuyilapho izinga lokugeleza lingashintshi. Ingcindezi yokukhipha umoya, ikakhulukazi, kunezindlela ezinhlanu zokulungisa ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukulawulwa kokugeleza kokuphuma komoya.
(2) Ukulawulwa kokugeleza kokungena.
(3) Shintsha ukulawulwa kwesivinini.
(4) Phendula i-inlet guide vane ukuze ilungise.
(5) Ukulungiswa komoya ophumayo noma ukulungiswa kwe-reflux.
18. Ijubane lithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwe-compressor?
Ijubane le-compressor linomsebenzi wokushintsha ijika lokusebenza le-compressor, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kuhlala njalo, ngakho-ke, kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulungisa i-compressor.
19. Kusho ukuthini ukulungiswa kokucindezela okulinganayo, ukulungiswa kokugeleza okulinganayo kanye nokulungiswa okulinganayo?
(1) Ukulawulwa kokucindezela okulinganayo kubhekisela ekulawulweni kokugcina ukucindezela kokukhipha umoya kwe-compressor kungashintshiwe nokushintsha kuphela ukugeleza kwegesi.
(2) Ukulawulwa kokugeleza okulinganayo kubhekisela ekulawulweni kokugcina izinga lokugeleza kwegesi elidluliswa yi-compressor lingashintshi, kodwa lishintsha kuphela ingcindezi yokukhipha.
(3) Umthethonqubo olinganiselayo ubhekisela kumthethonqubo ogcina isilinganiso sokucindezela singashintshi (njengomthethonqubo wokulwa nokwanda), noma ogcina iphesenti lokugeleza kwevolumu yemidiya emibili yegesi ingashintshi.
20. Iyini inethiwekhi yamapayipi? Yiziphi izingxenye zayo?
Inethiwekhi yamapayipi iyisistimu yamapayipi ye-compressor ye-centrifugal ukuze ifeze umsebenzi wokuthutha we-gas medium. Leyo etholakala ngaphambi kokungena kwe-compressor ibizwa ngokuthi ipayipi lokumunca, kanti leyo etholakala ngemva kokuphuma kwe-compressor ibizwa ngokuthi ipayipi lokumunca. Isamba samapayipi okumunca nokukhipha siyisistimu ephelele yamapayipi. Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi inethiwekhi yamapayipi.
Inethiwekhi yamapayipi ngokuvamile yakhiwa yizinto ezine: amapayipi, ukufakwa kwamapayipi, amavalvu kanye nemishini.
21. Iyini ingozi yamandla ajikelezayo?
I-Rotor esebenza ngesivinini esikhulu. Amandla e-axial avela ohlangothini olunomfutho ophezulu kuya ohlangothini olunomfutho ophansi ahlala esebenza. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-axial, i-rotor izokhiqiza ukufuduka kwe-axial ngaseceleni kwamandla e-axial, kanti ukufuduka kwe-axial kwe-rotor kuzobangela ukushelela okuhlobene phakathi kwejenali nesihlahla sokuthwala. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuhlupha ijenali noma isihlahla sokuthwala. Okubi kakhulu, ngenxa yokufuduka kwe-rotor, kuzobangela ukungqubuzana, ukushayisana ngisho nomonakalo womshini phakathi kwesici sokuthwala kanye nesici se-stator. Ngenxa yamandla e-axial e-rotor, kuzoba nokungqubuzana nokuguguleka kwezingxenye. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze kulinganiswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi.
22. Yiziphi izindlela zokulinganisela amandla e-axial?
Ukulinganisela kwamandla e-axial kuyinkinga enezinombolo ezingavamile okudingeka icatshangelwe ekwakhiweni kwama-compressor e-centrifugal anezigaba eziningi. Njengamanje, izindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa:
(1) Ama-impeller ahlelwe abhekene (uhlangothi olunomfutho ophezulu kanye nohlangothi olunomfutho ophansi lwe-impeller kuhlelwe ngokulandelana)
Amandla ajikelezayo akhiqizwa yi-impeller yesigaba esisodwa akhomba endaweni yokungena ye-impeller, okungukuthi, kusukela ohlangothini lokucindezela okuphezulu kuya ohlangothini lokucindezela okuphansi. Uma ama-impeller ezigaba eziningi ehlelwe ngokulandelana, amandla ajikelezayo aphelele e-rotor ayisamba samandla ajikelezayo ama-impeller kuwo wonke amazinga. Ngokusobala Lokhu kuhlelwa kuzokwenza amandla ajikelezayo e-rotor abe makhulu kakhulu. Uma ama-impeller ezigaba eziningi ehlelwe ngezindlela eziphambene, ama-impeller anezindawo zokungena eziphambene azokhiqiza amandla ajikelezayo ohlangothini oluphambene, angalinganiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlelwa okuphambene kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokulinganisela amandla ajikelezayo kuma-compressor e-centrifugal ezigaba eziningi.
(2) Setha i-balance disc
I-balance disc iyithuluzi lokulinganisa amandla e-axial elisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-compressor e-centrifugal anezigaba eziningi. I-balance disc ngokuvamile ifakwe ohlangothini lokucindezela okuphezulu, futhi kuhlinzekwa uphawu lwe-labyrinth phakathi komphetho wangaphandle nesilinda, ukuze uhlangothi lokucindezela oluphansi oluxhuma uhlangothi lokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokungena kwe-compressor luhlale lunjalo. Amandla e-axial akhiqizwa umehluko wokucindezela aphambene namandla e-axial akhiqizwa yi-impeller, ngaleyo ndlela alinganise amandla e-axial akhiqizwa yi-impeller.
23. Iyini inhloso yokulinganisela kwamandla e-rotor axial?
Inhloso yokulinganisela kwe-rotor ngokuyinhloko ukunciphisa ukusunduza kwe-axial kanye nomthwalo we-thrust bearing. Ngokuvamile, i-70℅ yamandla e-axial isuswa yi-balance plate, kanti i-30℅ esele ingumthwalo we-thrust bearing. Amandla athile e-axial ayisilinganiso esisebenzayo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-rotor.
24. Iyini imbangela yokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwethayela lokuphonsa?
(1) Ukwakheka kwesakhiwo akunangqondo, indawo yokuthwala yethayela lokusunduza incane, futhi umthwalo ngeyunithi ngayinye udlula okujwayelekile.
(2) Ukuvalwa kwesigaba kuyahluleka, okwenza igesi evela endaweni yokukhipha impeller yesigaba sokugcina ivuze iye esigabeni sangaphambilini, okwandisa umehluko wokucindezela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-impeller futhi kwakha ukusunduza okukhulu.
(3) Ipayipi lokulinganisela livinjiwe, ingcindezi yegumbi lokucindezela elisizayo lepuleti lokulinganisela ayikwazi ukususwa, futhi umsebenzi wepuleti lokulinganisela awukwazi ukudlalwa ngendlela evamile.
(4) Ukuvalwa kwediski yokulinganisela kuyahluleka, ingcindezi yegumbi lokusebenza ayikwazi ukugcinwa ijwayelekile, ikhono lokulinganisela liyancishiswa, futhi ingxenye yomthwalo idluliselwa kuphedi yokucindezela, okwenza iphedi yokucindezela isebenze ngaphansi kokulayishwa ngokweqile.
(5) Imbobo yokungena kawoyela othwala i-thrust incane, ukugeleza kukawoyela opholile akwanele, futhi ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana akukwazi ukukhishwa ngokuphelele.
(6) Uma uwoyela wokugcoba uqukethe amanzi noma okunye ukungcola, i-thrust pad ayikwazi ukwakha ukugcotshwa okuphelele koketshezi.
(7) Izinga lokushisa lokungena kukawoyela lebhereyi liphezulu kakhulu, futhi indawo yokusebenza yephedi yokuthulula ayilungile.
25. Ungabhekana kanjani nokushisa okuphezulu kwethayela elicindezelwayo?
(1) Hlola ingcindezi yephedi yokushutha, wandise kahle indawo yokuthwala yephedi yokushutha, bese wenza umthwalo wephedi yokushutha ube ngaphakathi kobubanzi obujwayelekile.
(2) Hlukanisa bese uhlola uphawu oluphakathi kwesiteji, bese ushintsha izingxenye zophawu oluphakathi kwesiteji ezonakele.
(3) Hlola ipayipi lokulinganisela bese ususa ukuvaleka, ukuze ingcindezi yegumbi lokucindezela elisizayo lepuleti lokulinganisela isuswe ngesikhathi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhono lokulinganisela lepuleti lokulinganisela.
(4) Buyisela umucu wokuvala wediski yokulinganisela, uthuthukise ukusebenza kokuvala kwediski yokulinganisela, ugcine ingcindezi ekamelweni lokusebenza lediski yokulinganisela, futhi wenze i-axial thrust ilingane ngokufanele.
(5) Nweba ububanzi bomgodi wokungenisa uwoyela othwalayo, wandise inani lamafutha okugcoba, ukuze ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana kukhishwe ngesikhathi.
(6) Shintsha uwoyela omusha wokugcoba ofanelekayo ukuze ugcine ukusebenza kokugcoba kwamafutha okugcoba.
(7) Vula amavalvu amanzi okungena bese ubuyisela amanzi esiqandisini, wandise inani lamanzi okupholisa, bese wehlisa izinga lokushisa lokunikezwa kukawoyela.
26. Uma uhlelo lokuhlanganisa lucindezelwe kakhulu, yini okufanele yenziwe ngabasebenzi be-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
(1) Yazisa abasebenzi bendawo yokwenziwa kwe-synthesis ukuthi bavule i-PV2001 ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi.
(2) Yazisa abasebenzi bokuhlola i-compressor ehlangene endaweni ukuthi bavule indawo yokukhipha ingcindezi yesigaba sesibili ukuze bakhiphe ingcindezi ngesandla (esimweni esiphuthumayo), futhi banake ukuqapha komqhubi kanye nokulwa namagciwane.
27. I-compressor ehlanganisiwe ijikeleza kanjani uhlelo lokwenziwa?
Uhlelo lokuhlanganisa ludinga ukugcwaliswa nge-nitrogen futhi lufudunyezwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo lokuhlanganisa. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-syngas compressor ukuze kusungulwe umjikelezo ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa.
(1) Qala i-syngas compressor turbine ngokwenqubo evamile yokuqalisa, bese uyiqhuba ngesivinini esijwayelekile ngaphandle komthwalo.
(2) Ngemva kokugcina isiqandisi esithile esivimbela ukukhuphuka, igesi ingena engxenyeni yomoya ongenayo ukuze ibuye, futhi ukugeleza kokubuya akufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu, futhi qaphela ukuthi ungashisi ngokweqile.
(3) Sebenzisa ivalvu yokulwa nokwanda kwegesi esigabeni sokujikeleza kwegazi ukulawula ivolumu yegesi kanye nengcindezi ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa lombhoshongo wokuhlanganisa.
28. Uma uhlelo lokuhlanganisa ludinga ukunqamula igesi ngokushesha (i-compressor ayimi), kufanele isebenze kanjani i-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
Ama-compressor ahlanganisiwe adinga umsebenzi wokunqamula ophuthumayo:
(1) Bika egumbini lokuthumela ukuthi i-compressor ehlangene inquma igesi ngokushesha, ishintshe uphawu oluyinhloko lube yi-nitrogen enomfutho ophakathi, bese ikhipha i-compressor ehlangene engxenyeni (isigaba sokuhlanza), bese unaka ukugcina ingcindezi.
(2) Vula ivalvu yokulwa nokuvuvukala engxenyeni entsha ukuze unciphise inani legesi entsha, bese uvula ivalvu yokulwa nokuvuvukala engxenyeni yokujikeleza kwegazi ukuze unciphise inani legesi ejikelezayo.
(3) Vala i-XV2683, vala i-XV2681 kanye ne-XV2682.
(4) Vula i-vent valve PV2620 endaweni yokukhipha yesigaba sesibili se-compressor bese unciphisa ingcindezi yomzimba ngesivinini esingu-≤0.15Mpa∕min. I-synthesis gas compressor isebenza ngaphandle komthwalo; uhlelo lwe-synthesis lucindezelwe.
(5) Ngemva kokuthi ingozi yesistimu yokwenziwa kwezinto isixazululiwe, i-nitrogen ishajwa kusukela ekungeneni kwe-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuze ithathe indawo yesistimu yokwenziwa kwezinto, bese kuqhutshwa ukujikeleza kwegazi, bese uhlelo lokwenziwa kwezinto lugcinwa ngaphansi kokushisa nokucindezelwa.
29. Ungawufaka kanjani umoya omusha?
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-valve XV2683 yesigaba sokungena ivuliwe ngokuphelele, futhi inani legesi elisha lingalawulwa kuphela yi-valve yokulwa nokuvuvukala engxenyeni entsha ngemva kwe-cooler yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Inhloso yomthamo womoya omusha.
30. Ungalawula kanjani isivinini somoya nge-compressor?
Ukulawula ijubane lesikhala nge-compressor ye-syngas ukushintsha ijubane lesikhala ngokwandisa noma ukunciphisa inani lokujikeleza. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesimo senani elithile legesi entsha, ukwandisa inani legesi ejikelezayo yokwenziwa kuzokwandisa ijubane lesikhala ngokufanele, kodwa ukwanda kwejubane lesikhala kuzothinta i-methanol. Ukusabela kokwenziwa kuzoba nomthelela othile.
31. Ungalawula kanjani inani lokujikeleza kwegazi okwenziwe?
I-throttle inqunyelwe yi-valve elwa nokuqhuma engxenyeni yokujikeleza kwegazi.
32. Yiziphi izizathu zokungakwazi ukwandisa inani lokujikeleza kwegazi okwenziwe?
(1) Inani legesi elisha liphansi. Uma ukusabela kukuhle, ivolumu izoncishiswa futhi ukucindezela kuzokwehla ngokushesha kakhulu, okuholela ekucindezelweni okuphansi kokuphuma. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ijubane lesikhala ukuze kulawulwe ijubane lokusabela kokwenziwa.
(2) Umthamo wokukhipha umoya (umthamo wegesi ophumuzayo) wesistimu yokwenziwa kwezinto mkhulu kakhulu, kanti i-PV2001 mkhulu kakhulu.
(3) Ukuvulwa kwevalvu yokulwa nokwanda kwegesi ejikelezayo kukhulu kakhulu, okubangela ukugeleza okukhulu kwegesi.
33. Yiziphi izingidi phakathi kohlelo lokuhlanganisa kanye ne-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
(1) Umkhawulo ophansi wezinga loketshezi lwesigubhu somusi ungaphansi noma ulingana no-10℅, uxhumene ne-compressor ehlanganisiwe, futhi i-XV2683 ivaliwe ukuvimbela isigubhu somusi ukuthi some.
(2) Umkhawulo ophezulu wezinga loketshezi lwesihlukanisi se-methanol ngu-≥90℅, futhi uxhumene ne-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukukhubeka, kanti i-XV2681, XV2682, kanye ne-XV2683 zivaliwe ukuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungangeni kusilinda se-compressor ehlanganisiwe futhi lonakalise i-impeller.
(3) Umkhawulo ophezulu wokushisa kwe-hot spot yombhoshongo wokwenziwa ngu-≥275°C, futhi uxhumene ne-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuze ugxume.
34. Yini okufanele yenziwe uma izinga lokushisa legesi ejikelezayo yokwenziwa liphezulu kakhulu?
(1) Bheka ukuthi izinga lokushisa legesi ejikelezayo ohlelweni lokwenziwa liyanda yini. Uma liphakeme kunenkomba, ivolumu ejikelezayo kufanele yehliswe noma umthumeli kufanele aziswe ukuthi andise ingcindezi yamanzi noma anciphise izinga lokushisa lamanzi.
(2) Bheka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi abuyayo le-anti-surge cooler liyakhuphuka yini. Uma likhuphuka, ukugeleza kokubuya kwegesi kukhulu kakhulu futhi umphumela wokupholisa awulungile. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani lokujikeleza kwegazi kufanele likhuliswe.
35. Ungayifaka kanjani igesi entsha kanye negesi ejikelezayo ngokushintshana ngesikhathi sokushayela okwenziwe ngezinto?
Uma ukwenziwa kwegesi kuqala, ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kwegesi kanye nokushisa okuphansi kwe-catalyst hot spot, ukusabela kokwenziwa kwegesi kunqunyelwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, umthamo kufanele ube ngokuyinhloko ukuze kuqiniswe izinga lokushisa le-catalyst bed. Ngakho-ke, inani elijikelezayo kufanele lifakwe ngaphambi komthamo wegesi entsha (ngokuvamile ukujikeleza. Umthamo wegesi uphindwe kane kuya kweziyisithupha kunomthamo wegesi entsha), bese ufaka umthamo wegesi entsha. Inqubo yokwengeza ivolumu kufanele ibe kancane futhi kumele kube nesikhathi esithile (ikakhulukazi kuncike ekutheni izinga lokushisa le-catalyst hot spot lingagcinwa futhi linokuthambekela okukhuphukayo). Ngemva kokuba izinga selifinyelelwe, ukwenziwa kwegesi kungadingeka ukuze kucinywe umusi wokuqalisa. Vala i-valve yokulwa nokunyuka kwegesi yesigaba esisha bese ufaka umoya omusha. Vala i-valve yokulwa nokunyuka kwegesi esigabeni esincane sokujikeleza kwegazi bese ufaka ivolumu yomoya ojikelezayo.
36. Uma uhlelo lokuhlanganisa luqala futhi luyeka, ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-compressor ukugcina ukushisa nokucindezela?
I-nitrogen ishajwa kusukela ekungeneni kwe-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuze ithathe indawo futhi icindezele uhlelo lokuhlanganisa. I-compressor ehlanganisiwe kanye nohlelo lokuhlanganisa kuyajikeleziswa. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo luthululwa ngokwengcindezi yohlelo lokuhlanganisa. Ijubane lesikhala lisetshenziselwa ukugcina izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuphuma yombhoshongo wokuhlanganisa, futhi umusi oqalayo uyavulwa ukuze unikeze ukushisa, ukucindezela okuphansi kanye nokushisa kokujikeleza kwesivinini esiphansi kohlelo lokuhlanganisa.
37. Uma uhlelo lokuhlanganisa luqalwa, ungayandisa kanjani ingcindezi yohlelo lokuhlanganisa? Kungakanani ukulawula isivinini sokuphakamisa ingcindezi?
Ukukhulisa ingcindezi yesistimu yokwenziwa kwezinto kufezwa kakhulu ngokwandisa inani legesi entsha nokwandisa ingcindezi yegesi ejikelezayo. Ngokukhethekile, ukuvala i-anti-surge engxenyeni encane entsha kungandisa inani legesi entsha yokwenziwa; ukuvala i-valve yokulwa ne-surge engxenyeni encane yokujikeleza izinto kungalawula ingcindezi yokwenziwa kwezinto. Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa okuvamile, ijubane lokukhulisa ingcindezi yesistimu yokwenziwa kwezinto ngokuvamile lilawulwa ku-0.4MPa/min.
38. Uma umbhoshongo wokwenziwa ushisa, ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukulawula izinga lokushisa lombhoshongo wokwenziwa? Iyini inkomba yokulawula yezinga lokushisa?
Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umusi oqalayo uyavulwa ukuze unikeze ukushisa, okuqhuba ukujikeleza kwamanzi ebhoyila, futhi izinga lokushisa lombhoshongo wokwenziwa liyakhuphuka; Ngakho-ke, ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lombhoshongo kulungiswa kakhulu ngokulungisa inani lokujikeleza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokushisa. Inkomba yokulawula yezinga lokushisa ingu-25℃/h.
39. Ungakulungisa kanjani ukugeleza kwegesi elwa nokwanda engxenyeni entsha kanye nengxenye ejikelezayo?
Uma isimo sokusebenza se-compressor siseduze nesimo sokukhuphuka, kufanele kwenziwe ukulungiswa kokulwa nokukhuphuka. Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguquguquka kwevolumu yomoya wesistimu ukuthi ingabi nkulu kakhulu, qala wahlulele futhi unqume ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye eseduze nesimo sokukhuphuka, bese uvula isigaba ngokufanele. I-valve yokulwa nokukhuphuka kufanele isetshenziswe ukuyisusa, futhi unake ukuguquguquka kwevolumu yegesi yesistimu (gcina ukuzinza kwevolumu yegesi engena embhoshongweni ngangokunokwenzeka), kodwa ungavuli ama-valve amabili okulwa nokukhuphuka ngasikhathi sinye ukuze uqede ukukhuphuka.
40. Cindezela Iyini imbangela yoketshezi endaweni yokungena ye-compressor?
(1) Izinga lokushisa legesi yenqubo elethwa uhlelo lwangaphambilini liphezulu, igesi ayifinyeziwe ngokuphelele, ipayipi lokulethwa kwegesi lide kakhulu, futhi igesi iqukethe uketshezi ngemva kokufinyela ngepayipi.
(2) Izinga lokushisa lesistimu yenqubo liphezulu, futhi izingxenye ezinamazinga aphansi okubila endaweni yegesi zihlanganiswa zibe uketshezi.
(3) Izinga loketshezi lwesihlukanisi liphezulu kakhulu, okuholela ekufakweni kwegesi noketshezi.
41. Ungabhekana kanjani noketshezi olusemgodini wokufaka i-compressor?
(1) Xhumana nohlelo lwangaphambilini ukuze ulungise ukusebenza kwenqubo.
(2) Uhlelo lukhulisa ngokufanele inani lokukhishwa kwesihlukanisi.
(3) Yehlisa izinga loketshezi lwesihlukanisi ukuze uvimbele ukungena kwegesi noketshezi.
42. Yiziphi izizathu zokwehla kokusebenza kweyunithi ye-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
(1) I-interstage seal ye-compressor yonakele kakhulu, ukusebenza kwe-sealing kunciphile, futhi i-backflow yangaphakathi ye-gas medium iyanda.
(2) I-impeller igugile kakhulu, umsebenzi we-rotor unciphile, futhi indawo yegesi ayikwazi ukuthola amandla e-kinetic anele.
(3) Isihlungi somusi se-turbine yomusi sivaliwe, ukugeleza komusi kuvaliwe, izinga lokugeleza lincane, kanti umehluko wokucindezela mkhulu, okuthinta amandla okukhipha e-turbine yomusi futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza kweyunithi.
(4) Izinga le-vacuum liphansi kunezidingo zenkomba, futhi ukukhishwa kwe-turbine yomusi kuvinjiwe.
(5) Izinga lokushisa lomusi kanye nemingcele yokucindezela iphansi kunenkomba yokusebenza, futhi amandla angaphakathi omusi aphansi, angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza nokusebenza kweyunithi.
(6) Kuvela isimo sokukhuphuka kwesisindo.
43. Yiziphi izilinganiso zokusebenza eziyinhloko zama-compressor e-centrifugal?
Amapharamitha okusebenza ayinhloko ama-compressor e-centrifugal yile: ukugeleza, ingcindezi yokuphuma noma isilinganiso sokucindezela, amandla, ukusebenza kahle, isivinini, ikhanda lamandla, njll.
Amapharamitha ayinhloko okusebenza kwemishini yidatha eyisisekelo yokuchaza izici zesakhiwo semishini, amandla okusebenza, indawo yokusebenza, njll., futhi ayizinto ezibalulekile eziqondisayo kubasebenzisi zokuthenga imishini nokwenza amapulani.
44. Kusho ukuthini ukusebenza kahle?
Ukusebenza kahle yizinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla adluliselwa kugesi yi-centrifugal compressor. Uma izinga lokusetshenziswa liphezulu, kulapho ukusebenza kahle kwe-compressor kuphakama khona.
Njengoba ukucindezelwa kwegesi kunezinqubo ezintathu: ukucindezelwa okuguqukayo, ukucindezelwa kwe-adiabatic kanye nokucindezelwa kwe-isothermal, ukusebenza kahle kwe-compressor kuhlukaniswe futhi kube ukusebenza kahle okuguqukayo, ukusebenza kahle kwe-adiabatic kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-isothermal.
45. Kusho ukuthini isilinganiso sokucindezela?
Isilinganiso sokucindezela esikhuluma ngaso sibhekisela kwisilinganiso sokucindezela kwegesi okukhipha i-compressor kungcindezi yokungenisa, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso sokucindezela noma isilinganiso sokucindezela.
46. Yiziphi izingxenye uhlelo lwamafutha okugcoba oluqukethe?
Uhlelo lwamafutha okugcoba luqukethe isiteshi samafutha okugcoba, ithangi lamafutha elisezingeni eliphezulu, ipayipi elixhumanisayo eliphakathi nendawo, ivalvu yokulawula kanye nethuluzi lokuhlola.
Isiteshi sikawoyela sokugcoba siqukethe ithangi likawoyela, ipompo kawoyela, isibandisi sikawoyela, isihlungi sikawoyela, ivalvu yokulawula ingcindezi, amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuhlola, amapayipi kawoyela namavalvu.
47. Uyini umsebenzi wethangi likaphethiloli elisezingeni eliphezulu?
Ithangi likaphethiloli eliphakeme lingenye yezindlela zokuvikela ukuphepha kweyunithi. Uma iyunithi isebenza ngendlela evamile, uwoyela wokugcoba ungena usuka phansi bese ukhishwa usuka phezulu uqonde ngqo ethangini likaphethiloli. Uzogeleza ezindaweni ezahlukene zokugcoba eceleni komugqa wokungena kawoyela bese ubuyela ethangini likawoyela ukuqinisekisa isidingo sokugcoba uwoyela ngesikhathi senqubo yokusebenza ingasebenzi yeyunithi.
48. Yiziphi izindlela zokuphepha ezikhona zeyunithi ye-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
(1) Ithangi likaphethiloli elisezingeni eliphezulu
(2) Ivalvu yokuphepha
(3) Umqokeleli
(4) I-valve yokuvala okusheshayo
(5) Amanye amadivayisi axhumeneyo
49. Iyini isimiso sokuvala uphawu lwe-labyrinth?
Ngokuguqula amandla angase abe amandla e-kinetic (ijubane lokugeleza) kanye nokuqeda amandla e-kinetic ngesimo semisinga ye-eddy.
50. Uyini umsebenzi we-thrust bearing?
Kunemisebenzi emibili ye-thrust bearing: ukuthwala i-thrust ye-rotor nokubeka i-rotor ngokwe-axial. I-thrust bearing ithwala ingxenye ye-rotor thrust engakalinganiswa yi-balance piston kanye ne-thrust evela ku-coupling yegiya. Ubukhulu balezi thrust bunqunywa kakhulu umthwalo we-turbine yesitimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-thrust bearing isebenza futhi ukulungisa indawo ye-axial ye-rotor maqondana nesilinda.
51. Kungani i-compressor ehlanganisiwe kufanele ikhulule umfutho womzimba ngokushesha okukhulu uma imiswa?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-compressor ivalwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi isikhathi eside, uma ingcindezi yokungena yegesi yesivalo esiyinhloko ingenakuba phezulu kunengcindezi yokungena ye-compressor, igesi yenqubo engahlungiwe emshinini izophuka ibe yi-seal futhi ibangele umonakalo ku-seal.
52. Indima yokuvala uphawu?
Ukuze kutholakale umphumela omuhle wokusebenza kwe-compressor ye-centrifugal, igebe elithile kumele ligcinwe phakathi kwe-rotor ne-stator ukuze kugwenywe ukungqubuzana, ukuguguleka, ukushayisana, umonakalo kanye nezinye izingozi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwezikhala, ukuvuza phakathi kwezigaba kanye neziphetho ze-shaft kuzokwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ukuvuza akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-compressor, kodwa futhi kuholela ekungcoleni kwemvelo ngisho nasezingozini zokuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, into yokuvuza ayikwazi ukuvunyelwa ukuba yenzeke. Ukuvala kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokugwema ukuvuza phakathi kwe-compressor kanye nokuvuza kokuphela kwe-shaft ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuvuleka okufanele phakathi kwe-rotor ne-stator.
53. Yiziphi izinhlobo zamadivayisi okuvala ahlukaniswa ngokwezici zawo zesakhiwo? Uyini umgomo wokukhetha?
Ngokwezinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwe-compressor, ingcindezi kanye nokuthi igesi iyingozi noma cha, uphawu lusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zesakhiwo, futhi ngokuvamile lubizwa ngokuthi idivayisi yokuvala.
Ngokwezici zesakhiwo, idivayisi yokuvala ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu: uhlobo lokukhipha umoya, uhlobo lwe-labyrinth, uhlobo lwendandatho entantayo, uhlobo lomshini kanye nohlobo olujikelezayo. Ngokuvamile, kumagesi anobuthi futhi ayingozi, avuthayo futhi aqhumayo, uhlobo lwendandatho entantayo, uhlobo lomshini, uhlobo lwesikulufu kanye nohlobo lokukhipha umoya kufanele kusetshenziswe.
54. Kuyini uphawu lwegesi?
I-gas seal iyisivalo esingathintani ne-gas medium njenge-lubricant. Ngomklamo ohlakaniphile wesakhiwo se-sealing element kanye nokusebenza kwayo, ukuvuza kungancishiswa kube kuncane kakhulu.
Izici zayo kanye nesimiso sokuvala yilezi:
(1) Isihlalo sokuvala kanye ne-rotor kuzinzile
Ibhulokhi lokuvala kanye nedamu lokuvala kuklanywe ebusweni bokugcina (ubuso bokuvala obuyinhloko) besihlalo sokuvala obuphambene nendandatho eyinhloko. Amabhulokhi okuvala afika ngobukhulu obuhlukene kanye nezimo. Lapho i-rotor ijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, igesi ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwayo ikhiqiza ingcindezi, esunduza indandatho eyinhloko ihlukane, yakhe ukugcotshwa kwegesi, inciphise ukuguguleka kwendawo yokuvala eyinhloko, futhi ivimbele ukuvuza kwegesi kube okuncane. Idamu lokuvala lisetshenziselwa ukupaka Lapho igesi yezicubu ivezwa.
(2) Lolu hlobo lokuvala ludinga umthombo wegesi wokuvala ozinzile, okungaba yigesi ephakathi noma igesi engasebenzi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi igesi esetshenziswayo, kumele ihlungwe futhi ibizwe ngokuthi igesi ehlanzekile.
55. Ungayikhetha kanjani igesi eyomile?
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi igesi yenqubo ayivunyelwe ukuvuza emoyeni, noma igesi evimbayo ingavunyelwe ukungena emshinini, kusetshenziswa uphawu lwegesi elomile olulandelanayo olunomoya ophakathi nendawo.
Izivalo zegesi ezomile ezijwayelekile ezihlanganisiwe zifanelekela izimo lapho inani elincane legesi yenqubo livuza khona emoyeni, kanti uphawu oluyinhloko ohlangothini lomoya lusetshenziswa njengesivalo sokuphepha.
56. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yokuvala eyinhloko?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yokuvala eyinhloko ukuvimbela igesi engahlanzekile ku-compressor ehlanganisiwe ukuthi ingcolise ubuso bokugcina be-primary seal. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokujikeleza okusheshayo kwe-compressor, iphonswa emgodini wethoshi lokuvula umoya lesigaba sokuqala ngokusebenzisa umsele ojikelezayo wobuso bokuvala umoya besigaba sokuqala, bese kwakheka ifilimu yomoya eqinile phakathi kobuso bokuvala umoya ukuze igcobe futhi ipholise ubuso bokugcina. Iningi legesi lingena emshinini nge-shaft end labyrinth, futhi ingxenye encane kuphela yegesi ingena emgodini wethoshi lokuvula umoya ngobuso bokugcina be-primary seal.
57. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yokuvala yesibili?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yesivalo sesibili ukuvimbela inani elincane legesi elivuzayo ebusweni bokugcina besivalo esiyinhloko ukuthi lingangeni ebusweni bokugcina besivalo sesibili, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwesivalo sesibili. Imbobo yesivalo sesibili sokuvala umoya ingena epayipini lesivalo sokuvala umoya, futhi ingxenye encane kuphela yegesi ingena emgodini wesibili wokuvala umoya ngobuso bokugcina besivalo sesibili bese iphuma umoya endaweni ephezulu.
58. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko wegesi yokuhlukanisa engemuva?
Inhloso eyinhloko yegesi yokuhlukanisa yangemuva ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso bokugcina besivalo sesibili abungcoliswanga uwoyela wokugcoba we-compressor bearing ehlanganisiwe. Ingxenye yegesi iphuma ngomphetho we-compressor labyrinth yangaphakathi yesivalo sangemuva kanye nengxenye encane yegesi evuzayo ebusweni bokugcina besivalo sesibili; enye ingxenye yegesi iphuma ngomphetho we-compressor ovuthayo we-bearing ngokusebenzisa umphetho we-compressor wangaphandle wesivalo sangemuva.
59. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo lokuvala igesi elomile luqale ukusebenza?
(1) Faka igesi yokuhlukanisa ngemuva imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo lwamafutha okugcoba luqale. Ngokufanayo, igesi yokuhlukanisa ngemuva inganqanyulwa ngemva kokuba uwoyela ungasebenzi imizuzu eyi-10. Ngemva kokuqala kokuthuthwa kukawoyela, igesi yokuhlukanisa ngemuva ayikwazi ukumiswa, ngaphandle kwalokho uphawu luzolimala.
(2) Uma isihlungi sisetshenziswa, amavalvu ebhola aphezulu nangaphansi esihlungi kufanele avulwe kancane ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo esakhiweni sesihlungi obangelwa umthelela wokucindezela okusheshayo ngenxa yokuvulwa ngokushesha kakhulu.
(3) Uma i-flowmeter isetshenziswa, amavalvu ebhola aphezulu naphansi kufanele avulwe kancane ukuze kugcinwe ukugeleza kuzinzile.
(4) Hlola ukuthi ingcindezi yomthombo wegesi yokuvala oyinhloko, igesi yokuvala yesibili kanye negesi yokuhlukanisa engemuva izinzile yini, nokuthi isihlungi sivaliwe yini.
60. Ungaqhuba kanjani ukuqhutshwa koketshezi lwe-V2402 kanye ne-V2403 esiteshini sokuqandisa?
Ngaphambi kokushayela, i-V2402 kanye ne-V2403 kufanele ziqinisekise izinga elijwayelekile loketshezi kusengaphambili. Izinyathelo ezithile yilezi ezilandelayo:
(1) Ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa izinga loketshezi, vula amavalvu ku-V2402, V2403 guide shower kuya ku-V2401 pipeline kusengaphambili, qinisekisa ukuthi i-blind "8" ephayiphini ibuyiselwe emuva, qinisekisa ukuthi ivalvu ye-guide shower eya ku-V2401 ivaliwe, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-LV2420 namavalvu ayo okuma angaphambili nangemuva avuliwe ngokugcwele, Qinisekisa ukuthi i-FV2401 ne-FV2402 zivuliwe ngokugcwele;
(2) Ukufakwa kwe-propylene ku-V2402 kufezwa ngokwehluka kwengcindezi, ngayinye ngayinye, kuvulwa kancane i-valve eyinhloko yokuphuma kwama-valve e-V2401, XV2482, V2401 kuma-valve e-V2402, i-LV2421 kanye nama-valve ayo okuma angaphambili nangemuva, bese kusungulwa kancane izinga loketshezi lwe-propylene lwe-V2402.
(3) Ngenxa yebhalansi yokucindezela phakathi kwe-V2402 ne-V2403, i-propylene ingafakwa kuphela ku-V2403 ngomehluko wezinga loketshezi.
(4) Inqubo yokuqondisa uketshezi kumele ihambe kancane ukuvimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile kwe-V2402 kanye ne-V2403. Ngemva kokuthi izinga elijwayelekile loketshezi le-V2402 kanye ne-V2403 selimisiwe, i-LV2421 kanye namavalvu ayo okuma angaphambili nangemuva kufanele kuvalwe, bese i-V2402 kanye ne-V2403 kufanele kuvalwe.
61. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvala isiteshi esiqandisayo esiphuthumayo?
Ngenxa yokwehluleka kokunikezwa kukagesi, ipompo kawoyela, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukunqanyulwa kwamanzi, ukumiswa kwegesi yensimbi, ukukhuphuka kwe-compressor okungenakuqedwa, i-compressor izocinywa ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka umlilo ohlelweni, umthombo wegesi ye-propylene kufanele unqunywe ngokushesha futhi ingcindezi kufanele ithathelwe indawo yi-nitrogen.
(1) Vala i-compressor endaweni yesehlakalo noma egumbini lokulawula, futhi uma kungenzeka, kala futhi urekhode isikhathi sokuhamba kwe-taxi. Shintsha uphawu lokuqala lwe-compressor lube yi-nitrogen enomfutho ophakathi.
(2) Uma ukujikeleziswa kukawoyela kuqhubeka nokusebenza (uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kwamandla, futhi kukhona umthombo wegesi ye-nitrogen enomfutho ophansi), cindezela i-rotor ngokushesha ngemva kokuba i-rotor iyeke ukujikeleza; uma yonke indawo ivuliwe, izinkinobho zokusebenza ze-jet pump, i-condensate pump kanye ne-oil pump kufanele zijikwe ngesikhathi ziye endaweni engaxhunyiwe ukuvimbela i-pump ukuthi iqale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuba ugesi ubuyiselwe.
(3) Vala ivalvu yokuphuma yesigaba sesibili se-compressor.
(4) Vala ivalvu yepropylene ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesistimu yokuqandisa.
(5) Uma izinga le-vacuum liseduze no-zero, misa ipompo yamanzi bese umisa umgodi ukuze uvale umusi.
(6) Naka ukulungisa inani lokujikeleza kwegazi, vula kancane ivalvu yokukhipha usawoti eyengeziwe uma kudingeka, bese umisa ipompo ye-condensate lapho ivalvu yokungenisa ye-aspirator ivaliwe.
(7) Thola isizathu sokuvalwa okuphuthumayo.
62. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvala okuphuthumayo kwe-compressor ehlanganisiwe?
Ngenxa yokwehluleka kokunikezwa kukagesi, ipompo kawoyela, ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukunqanyulwa kwamanzi, ukumiswa kwegesi yensimbi, ukukhuphuka kwe-compressor okungenakuqedwa, i-compressor izocinywa ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka umlilo ohlelweni, umthombo wegesi ye-propylene kufanele unqunywe ngokushesha futhi ingcindezi kufanele ithathelwe indawo yi-nitrogen.
(1) Vala i-compressor endaweni yesehlakalo noma egumbini lokulawula, futhi uma kungenzeka, kala futhi urekhode isikhathi sokuhamba ngetekisi.
(2) Uma ukujikeleziswa kukawoyela kuqhubeka nokusebenza (uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kwamandla, futhi kukhona umthombo wegesi ye-nitrogen enomfutho ophansi), cindezela i-rotor ngokushesha ngemva kokuba i-rotor iyeke ukujikeleza; uma yonke indawo ivuliwe, izinkinobho zokusebenza ze-jet pump, i-condensate pump kanye ne-oil pump kufanele zijikwe ngesikhathi ziye endaweni engaxhunyiwe ukuvimbela i-pump ukuthi iqale ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuba ugesi ubuyiselwe.
(3) Shintsha uphawu oluyinhloko lube yi-nitrogen enomfutho ophakathi ngesikhathi, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-XV2683, i-XV2682, kanye ne-XV2681 zivaliwe, futhi igumbi lokulawula livula i-PV2620 futhi lilawula izinga lokukhululeka komfutho ≤0.15Mpa∕min ukuze kuncishiswe umfutho wohlelo lwe-compressor. Uma ugesi unqanyuliwe noma umoya wensimbi uvaliwe, i-XV2681 izovala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngalesi sikhathi, futhi abasebenzi be-compressor kufanele baziswe ukuthi bavule i-valve yokuphuma yesigaba sesibili se-compressor ukuze bakhulule umfutho ngesandla.
(4) Uma izinga le-vacuum liseduze no-zero, misa ipompo yamanzi bese umisa umgodi ukuze uvale umusi.
(5) Naka ukulungisa inani lokujikeleza kwegazi, vula kancane ivalvu yokukhipha usawoti eyengeziwe uma kudingeka, bese umisa ipompo ye-condensate lapho ivalvu yokungenisa ye-aspirator ivaliwe.
(6) Thola isizathu sokuvalwa okuphuthumayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2022
