Izinhlelo zeSiqandisi zisebenzisa iziqandisini njengoketshezi olusebenzayo, futhi iziqandisi zivame ukuba nezindlela ezimbili: uketshezi negesi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngolwazi olufanele mayelana nesiqandisini esiwuketshezi.
1. Ingabe uketshezi oluqandisiwe noma igesi?
Isiqandisini singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-3: Isiqandisi esiqandisiwe esisodwa, esiqandisini esingewona ama-azeotropic, kanye nesiqandisi esixubile se-azeotropic.
Ukwakheka kwesiqandisi esisodwa esisebenzayo ngeke kuguquke ukuthi ngabe kuyinto ephansi noma uketshezi, ngakho-ke isimo se-gaseous singakhokhiswa lapho kushaja esiqandisini.
Yize ukwakheka kwesiqandisi se-azeotropic sehlukile, ngoba iphuzu elibilayo liyafana, ukwakheka kwegesi noketshezi nakho kuyafana, ngakho-ke igesi lingakhokhiswa;
Ngenxa yamaphoyinti ahlukahlukene abilayo e-non-azeotropic esiqandisini, iziqandisini eziwuketshezi kanye neziqandisini ze-gaseous empeleni zihlukile ekwakhiweni. Uma iziqandisini ze-gaseous zingezwa ngalesi sikhathi, ukwakheka kwesiqandisi esingeziwe kuzohluka. Isibonelo, kungezwa kuphela esiqandisini esithile se-gaseous. Isiqandisi, ngakho-ke uketshezi kuphela olungezwa.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, okuqandisiweyo okungewona owoku-azeotropic kumele kwengezwe nge-ketshezi, futhi okuqandisiwe okungewona i-azeotropic konke kuqala ngo-R4. Lolu hlobo loketshezi lungeziwe. Isiqandisini esingeyona eye-azeotropic yile: R40, R401A, R403B, R404A, R407A, R407C, R408A, R41A.
Ngokuqondene nezinye iziqandisini ezijwayelekile, ezinjengokuthi: R134A, R22, R23, R290, R32, R590, R300, kwakha esiqandisini, kute kutatato.
Lapho singeza esiqandisini, kufanele sinake okulandelayo:
(1) Bheka ama-bubble ku-amehlo entweni ebonakalayo;
(2) alinganise ingcindezi ephezulu nephansi;
(3) ukukala i-compressor yamanje;
(4) isisindo umjovo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe futhi kugcizelelwe lokho:
Isiqandisi se-non-azeotropic kumele sengezwe esimweni se-liquid. Isibonelo, i-R410A esiqandisini, ukwakheka kwalo kungokulandelayo:
R32 (Difluoromethane): 50%;
I-R125 (Pentafluorooroarone): 50%;
Ngoba amaphuzu abilayo ka-R32 no-R125 ahlukile, lapho i-cylindir engu-R410A efribisayo ishiywe i-R32 ne-R125 50% R125, ngoba iphuzu elibilayo le-R32 liphansi, kungenzeka ukuthi ingxenye engenhla yesiqandisi iyingxenye engu-R32.
Ngakho-ke, uma kufakwa i-Gaseoustont Runding, okuqandisiwe okungeziwe akuyona i-R410A, kepha u-R32.
Okwesibili, izinkinga ezijwayelekile ze-Liquid Regident
1. Ukufuduka okuyisiqandisi
Ukufuduka okuqakalelayo kubhekisele ekuqongeleleni kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi ku-compressor crankcase lapho i-compressor ivaliwe. Uma nje izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi kwe-compressor lipholile kakhulu kunamazinga okushisa ngaphakathi komhwamuko, umehluko wokucindezela phakathi kwe-compressor kanye ne-evaporator kuzoshayela esiqandisini endaweni epholile. Lesi simo kungenzeka senzeke kakhulu ebusika obubandayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezimo zomoya kanye namaphampu okushisa, lapho iyunithi lokuguqula likude kakhulu ne-compressor, ukufuduka kungenzeka noma ngabe amazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Lapho uhlelo seluvaliwe, uma lungavulwanga kungakapheli amahora ambalwa, noma ngabe kungekho mehluko wokucindezela, umkhathi wokufuduka kungenzeka ngenxa yokuheha kwesiqandisi esiqandisini.
Uma isiqandisi esilele ngokweqile sifudukela ku-crankcase ye-compressor, kuzovela umkhathi onzima we-slam lapho kuqubuka ukwehluleka kwe-compressor, okubangela ukwehluleka kwe-compressor, ukulimazeka kwe-piston, okuqashelwa ukwehluleka (esiqandisini kudonsela uwoyela kusuka ku-bearings).
2. I-Liquid Regregigent Offlow
Lapho i-valve ye-valve yehluleka, noma i-evaporator fan yehluleka noma ivinjelwe isivilo somoya, i-liquid acfriindint izochichima ku-evaporator bese ifaka i-compressor ngepayipi le-suction ngesimo soketshezi kunokuba ipapor. Lapho iyunithi isebenza, ngenxa yoketshezi oluchichimayo igcwala uwoyela wefriji, izingxenye ezihambayo ze-compressor zigqokwa, futhi ukucindezela uwoyela kuyancipha, okwenza kube yithuluzi lokuphepha likawoyela ukuthi liphele uwoyela. Kulokhu, uma umshini uvaliwe, into esemthethweni yokufuduka izokwenzeka ngokushesha, okuholela kwisando esinguketshezi ekuqaleni.
3. Isiteleka se-liquid
Lapho i-wequid hammer yenzeka, umsindo wensimbi we-metal azwakala kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-compressor angazwakala, futhi kungahle kuhambisane nokudlidliza okunobudlova kwe-compressor. I-Liquid Slam ingadala ukuqhuma kwe-valve, ukulimala kwekhanda le-compressor le-gasket, ukuxhuma i-ROD Breakage, ukuqhekeka kwe-crankshaft, kanye nomonakalo kwezinye izinhlobo ze-compressors. IHammer ye-Liquid yenzeka lapho isiqandisi esiwuketshezi sifudukela ku-crankcase futhi siqale kabusha. Kwamanye amayunithi, ngenxa yesakhiwo se-piping noma indawo yezakhi, i-liquid Regreent izoqongelela ipayipi le-sucking noma i-evaporator ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kweyunithi bese ifaka i-compressor njengoketshezi olusezingeni eliphakeme lapho iyunithi livuliwe. . Ijubane ne-inertia ye-liquid Slam yanele ukunqoba noma yikuphi ukuvikeleka okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor ku-liquid slam.
I-4. Isenzo se-Hydraulic Safety Control Specivift
Ngeqoqo lamayunithi okushisa aphansi, ngemuva kwesikhathi se-defrost, idivaysi yokulawula ukuphepha kwamafutha ivame ukubangelwa ukusebenza ngenxa yokuchichima kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi. Izinhlelo eziningi zenzelwe ukuvumela ukuthi esiqandisini ukuba zikhohlwe ku-evaporator kanye ne-suction line ngesikhathi se-defrost, bese singena kwi-compressor crankcase ekuqaleni okubangela ukwehla kwamafutha.
Ngesinye isikhathi isenzo esisodwa noma ezimbili zedivayisi yokulawula ukuphepha uwoyela ngeke ibe nomthelela omkhulu ku-compressor, kepha iphindaphindwe kaningi ngaphandle kwezimo ezinhle zokuthambisa kuzodala ukuthi i-compressor iyokwenza ukuthi i-compressor ibenze ukuba i-compressor iyokwenza ukuba i-compressor iyokwenza ukuthi i-compressor iyokwenza ukuba i-compressor ibenze umcindezeli kahle azokwehluleka. Idivaysi yokulawula ukuphepha uwoyela ivame ukubhekwa njengephutha elincane ngu-opharetha, kepha yisexwayiso sokuthi i-compressor ibilokhu isebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emibili ngaphandle kokuthambisa, kanye nezinyathelo zokwenziwa kudingeka zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi.
3. Izisombululo zenkinga ye-Liquid ReggerAnts
I-compressor eklanywe kahle, esebenza kahle yesiqandisi, isimo somoya, kanye namaphampu okushisa empeleni ipompo ye-vapor engaphatha kuphela inani elithile le-liquid sefriji. Ukuze wakhe i-compressor engasingatha amafutha athile aketshezi kanye no-oyela wefriji, inhlanganisela yosayizi, isisindo, umthamo wokupholisa, ukusebenza kahle, umsindo nezindleko kumele kubhekwe. Ngaphandle kwezici zokuqamba, inani lesiqandisi eliwuketshezi ukuthi i-compressor ingaphatha ilungisiwe, futhi amandla ayo okuphatha ancike kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: ivolumu ye-cranksecation, inkokhelo yamafutha esiqandisi, kanye nezimo ezijwayelekile zokulawula.
Lapho icala lefriji likhuphuka, lizokwandisa ingozi engaba khona ye-compressor. Izizathu zomonakalo ngokuvamile zibangelwa ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
(1) Imali ekhokhwayo eqandeni ngokweqile.
(2) I-Evaporator iqhwa.
(3) Isihlungi se-Evaporator singcolile futhi sivinjiwe.
(4) Umlandeli we-evaporator noma i-fan motor yehluleka.
(5) Ukukhetha okungalungile kwe-capillary.
(6) Ukukhethwa noma ukulungiswa kwe-valve yokwanda akulungile.
(7) ukufuduka okuqandayo.
1. Ukufuduka okuyisiqandisi
Ukufuduka okuqakalelayo kubhekisele ekuqongeleleni kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi ku-compressor crankcase lapho i-compressor ivaliwe. Uma nje izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi kwe-compressor lipholile kakhulu kunamazinga okushisa ngaphakathi komhwamuko, umehluko wokucindezela phakathi kwe-compressor kanye ne-evaporator kuzoshayela esiqandisini endaweni epholile. Lesi simo kungenzeka senzeke kakhulu ebusika obubandayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezimo zomoya kanye namaphampu okushisa, lapho iyunithi lokuguqula likude kakhulu ne-compressor, ukufuduka kungenzeka noma ngabe amazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Lapho uhlelo seluvaliwe, uma lungavulwanga kungakapheli amahora ambalwa, noma ngabe kungekho mehluko wokucindezela, umkhathi wokufuduka kungenzeka ngenxa yokuheha kwesiqandisi esiqandisini.
Uma isiqandisi esilele ngokweqile sifudukela ku-crankcase ye-compressor, kuzovela umkhathi onzima we-slam lapho kuqubuka ukwehluleka kwe-compressor, okubangela ukwehluleka kwe-compressor, ukulimazeka kwe-piston, okuqashelwa ukwehluleka (esiqandisini kudonsela uwoyela kusuka ku-bearings).
2. I-Liquid Regregigent Offlow
Lapho i-valve ye-valve yehluleka, noma i-evaporator fan yehluleka noma ivinjelwe isivilo somoya, i-liquid acfriindint izochichima ku-evaporator bese ifaka i-compressor ngepayipi le-suction ngesimo soketshezi kunokuba ipapor. Lapho iyunithi isebenza, ngenxa yoketshezi oluchichimayo igcwala uwoyela wefriji, izingxenye ezihambayo ze-compressor zigqokwa, futhi ukucindezela uwoyela kuyancipha, okwenza kube yithuluzi lokuphepha likawoyela ukuthi liphele uwoyela. Kulokhu, uma umshini uvaliwe, into esemthethweni yokufuduka izokwenzeka ngokushesha, okuholela kwisando esinguketshezi ekuqaleni.
3. Isiteleka se-liquid
Lapho i-wequid hammer yenzeka, umsindo wensimbi we-metal azwakala kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-compressor angazwakala, futhi kungahle kuhambisane nokudlidliza okunobudlova kwe-compressor. I-Liquid Slam ingadala ukuqhuma kwe-valve, ukulimala kwekhanda le-compressor le-gasket, ukuxhuma i-ROD Breakage, ukuqhekeka kwe-crankshaft, kanye nomonakalo kwezinye izinhlobo ze-compressors. IHammer ye-Liquid yenzeka lapho isiqandisi esiwuketshezi sifudukela ku-crankcase futhi siqale kabusha. Kwamanye amayunithi, ngenxa yesakhiwo se-piping noma indawo yezakhi, i-liquid Regreent izoqongelela ipayipi le-sucking noma i-evaporator ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kweyunithi bese ifaka i-compressor njengoketshezi olusezingeni eliphakeme lapho iyunithi livuliwe. . Ijubane ne-inertia ye-liquid Slam yanele ukunqoba noma yikuphi ukuvikeleka okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor ku-liquid slam.
I-4. Isenzo se-Hydraulic Safety Control Specivift
Ngeqoqo lamayunithi okushisa aphansi, ngemuva kwesikhathi se-defrost, idivaysi yokulawula ukuphepha kwamafutha ivame ukubangelwa ukusebenza ngenxa yokuchichima kwesiqandisi esiwuketshezi. Izinhlelo eziningi zenzelwe ukuvumela ukuthi esiqandisini ukuba zikhohlwe ku-evaporator kanye ne-suction line ngesikhathi se-defrost, bese singena kwi-compressor crankcase ekuqaleni okubangela ukwehla kwamafutha.
Ngesinye isikhathi isenzo esisodwa noma ezimbili zedivayisi yokulawula ukuphepha uwoyela ngeke ibe nomthelela omkhulu ku-compressor, kepha iphindaphindwe kaningi ngaphandle kwezimo ezinhle zokuthambisa kuzodala ukuthi i-compressor iyokwenza ukuthi i-compressor ibenze ukuba i-compressor iyokwenza ukuba i-compressor iyokwenza ukuthi i-compressor iyokwenza ukuba i-compressor ibenze umcindezeli kahle azokwehluleka. Idivaysi yokulawula ukuphepha uwoyela ivame ukubhekwa njengephutha elincane ngu-opharetha, kepha yisexwayiso sokuthi i-compressor ibilokhu isebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emibili ngaphandle kokuthambisa, kanye nezinyathelo zokwenziwa kudingeka zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi.
3. Izisombululo zenkinga ye-Liquid ReggerAnts
I-compressor eklanywe kahle, esebenza kahle yesiqandisi, isimo somoya, kanye namaphampu okushisa empeleni ipompo ye-vapor engaphatha kuphela inani elithile le-liquid sefriji. Ukuze wakhe i-compressor engasingatha amafutha athile aketshezi kanye no-oyela wefriji, inhlanganisela yosayizi, isisindo, umthamo wokupholisa, ukusebenza kahle, umsindo nezindleko kumele kubhekwe. Ngaphandle kwezici zokuqamba, inani lesiqandisi eliwuketshezi ukuthi i-compressor ingaphatha ilungisiwe, futhi amandla ayo okuphatha ancike kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: ivolumu ye-cranksecation, inkokhelo yamafutha esiqandisi, kanye nezimo ezijwayelekile zokulawula.
Lapho icala lefriji likhuphuka, lizokwandisa ingozi engaba khona ye-compressor. Izizathu zomonakalo ngokuvamile zibangelwa ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
(1) Imali ekhokhwayo eqandeni ngokweqile.
(2) I-Evaporator iqhwa.
(3) Isihlungi se-Evaporator singcolile futhi sivinjiwe.
(4) Umlandeli we-evaporator noma i-fan motor yehluleka.
(5) Ukukhetha okungalungile kwe-capillary.
(6) Ukukhethwa noma ukulungiswa kwe-valve yokwanda akulungile.
(7) ukufuduka okuqandayo.
Isikhathi Seposi: Meyi-31-2022
